Table 2.
Factors associated with HIV hotspots, Mississippi, 2008-2014 (n=658).
| Characteristic | Unadjusted model, OR (95% CI) | Adjusted model 1,a AORb (95% CI) | Adjusted model 2,c AOR (95% CI) | |
| Male (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<48.25 | Referent | Referent | Referent |
|
|
≥48.25 | 0.70 (0.49-1.00) | 0.94 (0.64-1.40) | 0.94 (0.63-1.40) |
| Female (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<51.70 | Referent | Referent | Referent |
|
|
≥51.70 | 1.43 (0.99-2.05) | —d | — |
| Total population |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<4199 | Referent | Referent | Referent |
|
|
≥4199 | 0.79 (0.55-1.13) | 0.85 (0.55-1.31) | 0.85 (0.55-1.32) |
| Median age (years) | 0.96 (0.93-0.99) | 0.96 (0.92-1.00) | 0.95 (0.91-1.00) | |
|
|
<5 | 1.04 (0.96-1.12) | — | — |
|
|
5-17 | 1.04 (0.99-1.08) | — | — |
|
|
18-24 | 0.99 (0.97-1.02) | — | — |
|
|
25-44 | 1.06 (1.02-1.10) | — | — |
|
|
45-54 | 1.01 (0.95-1.07) | — | — |
|
|
55-64 | 0.98 (0.93-1.04) | — | — |
|
|
65-74 | 0.86 (0.80-0.92) | — | — |
|
|
≥75 | 0.89 (0.82-0.96) | — | — |
| Less than a high school education (%) | 0.96 (0.94-0.98) | 0.95 (0.92-0.98) | 0.91 (0.86-0.96) | |
| Low ability to speak English (%) | 1.03 (0.97-1.10) | — | — | |
| White (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<59.8 | Referent | Referent | Referent |
|
|
≥59.8 | 0.55 (0.38-0.79) | — | — |
| African American (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<35.4 | Referent | Referent | Referent |
|
|
≥35.4 | 2.01 (1.39-2.90) | 3.85 (2.23-6.65) | 1.15 (0.42-3.17) |
| Hispanic (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<1.4 | Referent | Referent | Referent |
|
|
≥1.4 | 0.77 (0.54-1.1) | 0.86 (0.56-1.31) | 0.84 (0.55-1.29) |
| Other ethnicity (%) e |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<0.6% | Referent | Referent | Referent |
|
|
≥0.6% | 1.11 (0.77-1.58) | — | — |
| Two or more race/ethnicities (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<0.7 | Referent | Referent | Referent |
|
|
≥0.7 | 0.61 (0.43-0.88) | 0.46 (0.30-0.70) | 0.46 (0.30-0.72) |
| Population density |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<273 | Referent | Referent | Referent |
|
|
≥273 | 2.72 (1.87-3.97) | 1.64 (0.96-2.80) | 1.47 (0.86-2.51) |
| Median annual household income (US$) |
|
|
||
|
|
<36,775 | Referent | Referent | Referent |
|
|
≥36,775 | 1.26 (0.88-1.8) | 1.12 (0.6-2.09) | 0.80 (0.39-1.64) |
| Median annual individual income (US$) |
|
|
||
|
|
<20,083 | Referent | Referent | Referent |
|
|
≥20,083 | 1.53 (1.07-2.12) | — | — |
|
|
Rent housing (%) | 1.01 (1.0-1.019) | 0.99 (0.97-1.01) | 0.99 (0.97-1.01) |
|
|
Own housing (%) | 0.99 (0.98-1.00) | — | — |
| Households living at 100% below poverty status (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<17.3 | Referent | Referent | Referent |
|
|
17.3-28.2 | 0.58 (0.37-0.90) | 0.51 (0.28-0.92) | 0.61 (0.33-1.13) |
|
|
≥28.3 | 0.80 (0.52-1.22) | 0.43 (0.19-0.99) | 0.48 (0.20-1.17) |
| Households living below poverty level (%) | 0.76 (0.53-1.08) | — | — | |
| Urban area | 2.89 (1.93-4.32) | 2.01 (1.20-3.37) | 2.06 (1.23-3.46) | |
| ≥ 2 workers in the family (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<37.9 | Referent | Referent | Referent |
|
|
37.9-47.1 | 0.95 (0.59-1.52) |
|
|
|
|
≥47.2 | 1.78 (1.16-2.73) | — | — |
| 1 worker in family (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<34 | Referent | Referent | Referent |
|
|
34-40.6 | 0.79 (0.51-1.23) |
|
|
|
|
≥40.7 | 0.96 (0.62-1.47) | — | — |
| Households on food stamps (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<17.76 | Referent | Referent | Referent |
|
|
≥17.76 | 0.88 (0.61-1.25) | — | — |
| Interaction between African American and less than a high school education | — | — | 1.09 (1.02-1.16) | |
a Adjusted for percentage of the population living 100% below the poverty line, percentage of the total population that was male, median annual individual income, median annual household income, total population, percentage of total population that was African American, percentage of total population that was Hispanic, population density, households with two or more workers, median age, percentage of the total population that had less than a high school education, the percentage of the population that rented housing, and areas categorized as urban.
bAOR: adjusted odds ratio.
c Adjusted for the same as in adjusted model 1 and including the interaction variable between African American race and less than a high school graduate education.
d Indicates the variable was not statistically significant at a P<.25 level in bivariate analyses and therefore was not included in multivariable models.
e Other race includes Asian, Hawaiian, Pacific Islanders, and other races/ethnicities not defined as white, African American, or Hispanic.