Table 5.
Predicted shares of out-of-pocket payments for hospitalisation in household consumption expenditure for the older population and the population under 60 years in India, NSS 1995–96, NSS 2004 and NSS 2014.
| Predicted shares of out-of-pocket payments (95% CI) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MPCE quintile | Male | Female | Urban | Rural | More developed states | Less developed states | Public | Private | CDs/other diseases | NCDs |
| Older population | ||||||||||
| NSS 1995–96 | ||||||||||
| Poorest | 7.7 (5.4–10.0) |
5.4 (3.4–7.4) |
5.1 (3.4–6.8) |
7.2 (4.9–9.5) |
6.6 (4.6–8.5) |
7.0 (4.3–9.7) |
4.9 (3.3–6.5) |
10.3 (6.9–13.6) |
5.6 (3.5–7.7) |
7.6 (5.4–9.9) |
| Poor | 5.9 (5.0–6.8) |
4.0 (3.1–4.9) |
3.8 (3.0–4.6) |
5.3 (4.5–6.1) |
5.0 (4.3–5.8) |
4.9 (3.9–5.9) |
3.6 (2.8–4.3) |
7.4 (6.2–8.6) |
4.3 (3.3–5.2) |
5.9 (4.9–6.9) |
| Middle | 12.1 (6.5–17.7) |
8.8 (5.4–12.3) |
9.0 (5.4–12.5) |
11.5 (6.3–16.7) |
11.2 (6.0–16.4) |
9.9 (6.1–13.6) |
7.3 (4.5–10.1) |
15.2 (7.9–22.6) |
8.5 (5.3–11.7) |
13.2 (6.7–19.7) |
| Rich | 10.1 (8.7–11.4) |
7.2 (5.9–8.5) |
7.7 (6.4–9.0) |
9.1 (7.9–10.4) |
8.7 (7.5–9.9) |
8.9 (7.1–10.6) |
6.0 (4.8–7.1) |
12.2 (10.5–13.8) |
7.5 (6.1–8.9) |
9.5 (8.2–10.8) |
| Richest | 15.9 (14.0–17.9) |
11.0 (9.2–12.7) |
11.8 (10.4–13.2) |
15.9 (13.6–18.1) |
14.1 (12.6–15.7) |
12.8 (10.2–15.4) |
8.0 (6.3–9.8) |
16.5 (14.7–18.2) |
11.0 (8.9–13.1) |
15.6 (13.9–17.3) |
| NSS 2004 | ||||||||||
| Poorest | 19.2 (16.7–21.8) |
19.2 (16.3–22.0) |
16.5 (13.6–19.5) |
19.5 (16.9–22.0) |
19.0 (16.4–21.7) |
19.6 (16.8–22.3) |
13.4 (11.4–15.4) |
31.0 (27.1–35.0) |
14.5 (12.2–16.7) |
21.3 (18.5–24.2) |
| Poor | 19.5 (17.0–22.0) |
14.3 (12.3–16.3) |
16.2 (13.7–18.8) |
17.4 (15.2–19.6) |
17.3 (15.1–19.4) |
17.1 (14.7–19.6) |
9.9 (8.4–11.5) |
26.7 (23.7–29.7) |
12.8 (10.8–14.9) |
19.7 (17.3–22.0) |
| Middle | 16.5 (14.7–18.3) |
13.5 (11.8–15.2) |
14.1 (12.0–16.1) |
15.4 (13.7–17.0) |
14.6 (13.0–16.3) |
16.4 (14.4–18.3) |
8.1 (7.0–9.3) |
21.9 (19.6–24.2) |
11.3 (9.7–12.9) |
17.2 (15.3–19.1) |
| Rich | 16.8 (15.0–18.6) |
13.2 (11.6–14.8) |
14.0 (12.3–15.7) |
15.7 (14.0–17.5) |
14.5 (12.9–16.0) |
17.1 (15.1–19.1) |
7.9 (6.8–9.0) |
20.9 (18.9–22.9) |
12.3 (10.6–14.0) |
16.7 (15.0–18.4) |
| Richest | 17.2 (15.6–18.9) |
14.3 (12.7–15.9) |
15.4 (13.9–17.0) |
16.4 (14.5–18.3) |
15.8 (14.3–17.3) |
15.7 (13.9–17.5) |
7.6 (6.5–8.6) |
19.2 (17.4–20.9) |
12.7 (11.0–14.4) |
16.9 (15.4–18.5) |
| NSS 2014 | ||||||||||
| Poorest | 23.4 (20.5–26.3) |
19.6 (17.4–21.7) |
20.5 (17.1–23.9) |
21.4 (19.3–23.5) |
17.8 (15.3–20.2) |
24.7 (21.6–27.8) |
12.3 (10.4–14.3) |
39.8 (36.0–43.6) |
11.7 (9.9–13.5) |
24.3 (22.0–26.6) |
| Poor | 14.4 (11.8–17.0) |
12.3 (9.9–14.7) |
13.3 (10.3–16.2) |
13.3 (11.0–15.6) |
12.4 (10.1–14.8) |
14.7 (11.7–17.7) |
6.7 (5.1–8.2) |
23.5 (19.6–27.4) |
7.9 (6.4–9.5) |
15.3 (12.7–17.9) |
| Middle | 18.3 (16.0–20.5) |
14.2 (12.6–15.8) |
16.7 (14.2–19.3) |
15.9 (14.3–17.5) |
14.8 (13.2–16.4) |
19.2 (16.1–22.3) |
7.4 (5.9–8.9) |
24.1 (21.9–26.2) |
9.8 (8.4–11.2) |
18.7 (17.0–20.5) |
| Rich | 20.3 (18.1–22.6) |
12.5 (11.0–14.0) |
16.8 (14.6–19.1) |
16.2 (14.4–18.0) |
14.8 (13.3–16.3) |
21.3 (17.8–24.8) |
6.8 (5.4–8.2) |
24.5 (22.3–26.7) |
9.0 (7.6–10.3) |
18.9 (17.1–20.7) |
| Richest |
21.8 (18.0–25.5) |
16.4 (13.5–19.4) |
19.2 (15.9–22.5) |
18.5 (14.8–22.2) |
18.6 (15.9–21.2) |
20.4 (14.5–26.3) |
6.4 (4.3–8.6) |
23.8 (20.4–27.1) |
10.5 (8.6–12.4) |
20.7 (17.2–24.2) |
| Population under 60 years | ||||||||||
| NSS 1995–96 | ||||||||||
| Poorest | 6.5 (5.8–7.3) |
6.1 (5.4–6.9) |
4.0 (3.3–4.7) |
6.9 (6.1–7.7) |
5.7 (5.0–6.3) |
7.7 (6.7–8.6) |
5.3 (4.6–5.9) |
8.8 (7.8–9.8) |
5.8 (5.1–6.5) |
8.0 (7.1–9.0) |
| Poor | 5.8 (5.3–6.2) |
4.9 (4.4–5.4) |
3.6 (3.1–4.1) |
5.7 (5.2–6.1) |
5.0 (4.6–5.4) |
6.0 (5.5–6.6) |
4.3 (3.9–4.7) |
7.5 (6.9–8.1) |
4.6 (4.2–5.0) |
7.5 (6.9–8.2) |
| Middle | 7.5 (6.9–8.1) |
6.5 (5.8–7.2) |
4.8 (4.1–5.5) |
7.8 (7.2–8.4) |
6.8 (6.2–7.3) |
7.7 (6.8–8.5) |
5.3 (4.8–5.9) |
9.0 (8.3–9.8) |
6.1 (5.5–6.7) |
9.6 (8.8–10.4) |
| Rich | 7.8 (7.3–8.3) |
7.0 (6.3–7.6) |
5.5 (4.8–6.1) |
8.4 (7.9–8.9) |
7.1 (6.6–7.6) |
8.1 (7.3–8.8) |
5.6 (5.1–6.1) |
9.1 (8.6–9.7) |
6.3 (5.8–6.9) |
10.2 (9.5–10.9) |
| Richest | 11.9 (10.7–13.2) |
10.7 (10.1–11.2) |
9.2 (8.8–9.6) |
13.9 (12.3–15.4) |
11.0 (10.1–11.9) |
12.3 (11.6–13.1) |
8.3 (7.7–8.8) |
13.1 (12.0–14.2) |
9.2 (8.7–9.7) |
15.3 (13.5–17.0) |
| NSS 2004 | ||||||||||
| Poorest | 20.1 (18.8–21.4) |
17.7 (16.4–18.9) |
17.1 (15.5–18.7) |
19.0 (17.8–20.2) |
16.9 (15.8–18.1) |
21.5 (20.1–22.9) |
13.0 (12.0–13.9) |
29.5 (27.7–31.2) |
15.0 (13.9–16.1) |
25.6 (24.0–27.2) |
| Poor | 16.5 (15.5–17.5) |
15.0 (14.1–15.9) |
14.0 (12.8–15.3) |
16.1 (15.2–16.9) |
14.4 (13.6–15.3) |
18.3 (17.2–19.3) |
9.8 (9.1–10.4) |
23.2 (22.0–24.4) |
12.0 (11.3–12.8) |
21.9 (20.7–23.1) |
| Middle | 14.4 (13.5–15.2) |
14.3 (13.4–15.2) |
12.6 (11.4–13.7) |
14.8 (13.9–15.7) |
13.3 (12.5–14.1) |
16.5 (15.5–17.4) |
8.8 (8.2–9.4) |
20.2 (19.1–21.4) |
11.0 (10.3–11.7) |
18.7 (17.6–19.8) |
| Rich | 13.9 (12.5–15.4) |
12.9 (11.9–13.9) |
11.9 (10.3–13.4) |
14.4 (13.3–15.4) |
12.8 (11.5–14.0) |
15.0 (13.9–16.1) |
8.0 (7.3–8.7) |
17.8 (16.2–19.4) |
10.1 (9.0–11.3) |
17.7 (16.4–19.0) |
| Richest | 11.2 (10.6–11.9) |
10.9 (10.3–11.6) |
10.3 (9.7–10.9) |
12.2 (11.4–13.1) |
10.7 (10.1–11.2) |
12.6 (11.8–13.3) |
6.0 (5.5–6.4) |
13.9 (13.2–14.5) |
8.1 (7.6–8.6) |
14.8 (14.0–15.6) |
| NSS 2014 | ||||||||||
| Poorest | 21.0 (19.8–22.2) |
17.3 (16.3–18.4) |
19.5 (18.1–20.9) |
18.9 (17.9–20.0) |
18.3 (17.1–19.5) |
19.4 (18.3–20.5) |
11.2 (10.4–12.0) |
35.4 (33.8–37.0) |
13.3 (12.4–14.2) |
25.3 (23.9–26.6) |
| Poor | 15.5 (14.5–16.5) |
13.2 (12.3–14.1) |
14.5 (13.5–15.6) |
14.2 (13.3–15.1) |
14.5 (13.6–15.4) |
14.0 (13.0–15.0) |
7.4 (6.8–8.0) |
25.2 (23.8–26.5) |
10.1 (9.4–10.9) |
19.2 (18.1–20.3) |
| Middle | 14.6 (13.7–15.6) |
12.7 (11.9–13.5) |
13.1 (12.2–14.0) |
13.8 (12.9–14.7) |
13.6 (12.7–14.5) |
13.7 (12.8–14.6) |
6.5 (6.0–7.0) |
21.7 (20.5–23.0) |
9.4 (8.7–10.0) |
17.7 (16.6–18.8) |
| Rich | 13.2 (12.4–13.9) |
11.0 (10.3–11.6) |
11.4 (10.7–12.2) |
12.4 (11.7–13.1) |
12.0 (11.3–12.7) |
12.1 (11.3–12.9) |
5.3 (4.8–5.7) |
17.9 (17.0–18.8) |
8.3 (7.8–8.8) |
16.1 (15.3–17.0) |
| Richest | 14.3 (13.4–15.2) |
11.7 (10.9–12.6) |
12.6 (11.8–13.5) |
13.4 (12.4–14.3) |
12.8 (11.9–13.6) |
13.4 (12.4–14.4) |
5.7 (5.2–6.3) |
15.7 (14.8–16.7) |
8.8 (8.1–9.4) |
16.6 (15.6–17.7) |
OOPP: Out-of-pocket payments; MPCE: Monthly per capita consumption expenditure; CI: Confidence interval; CDs: Communicable diseases and nutritional disorders; Other diseases: Includes other diagnosed and undiagnosed ailments; NCDs: Non-communicable diseases and injuries.