Figure 3.

Quality of cytoplasmic and nuclear maturation according to the 2D culture method. (a) Distribution of cortical granules, actin filaments, and meiotic spindles of in vitro- and in vivo-derived oocytes. (b) Normal spindle organization. (c) Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial activity in different groups. (d) Graphs showing quantitative fluorescent intensity illustrating ROS production and mitochondrial activity. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences among groups. (e) mRNA expression in oocytes derived from three different milieu.