Question 1: In your institution, is it routine to screen patients undergoing surgery to identify those at high risk for POPC?
Answer options	Response count	Response percentage (%)
Yes	174	48.7
No	183	51.3

Question 2: If institutions were to routinely screen for patients at high risk for POPC and then provide a POPC reduction care bundle, what recommendations would you make for constituents of this care bundle? To be applied PRE-operatively:
Answer options	Response count	Response percentage (%)
Chlorhexidine mouthwash	155	50.5
Selective oral decontamination (SOD), e.g. anti-microbial paste	34	11.1
Selective digestive decontamination (SDD), e.g. non-absorbable enteral antibiotics and IV antibiotics	24	7.8
Oral care, e.g. toothbrushing, dental hygienist review etc.	147	47.9
Supervised exercise programme, also known as pre-habilitation	140	45.6
Nebulised/inhaled medical therapy	94	30.6
Enteral/intravenous medical therapy	39	12.7
Incentive spirometry or positive end-expiratory pressure valve	197	64.2
Inspiratory muscle training	169	55.0

Question 3: If institutions were to routinely screen for patients at high-risk for POPC and then provide a POPC-reduction care bundle, what recommendations would you make for constituents of this care bundle? To be applied INTRA-operatively:
Answer options	Response count	Response percentage (%)
Low tidal volume ventilation, e.g. 6–8 mL/kg tidal volumes	286	84.6
Appropriate PEEP	251	74.3
Regular recruitment manoeuvres	141	41.7
Endotracheal tube with subglottic secretion drainage	101	29.9
Nebulised antibiotics	9	2.7
Avoid blood transfusion by tolerating anaemia unless Hb ≤ 70 g/L	193	57.1
Use humidified ventilator circuit	182	53.8
Avoid neuromuscular blockade (NMB) other than short-acting NMB for intubation	147	43.5
Specific methods to evaluate or reverse NMB	117	34.6
Fluid resuscitation using advanced monitoring (EVLWI or lung US) to avoid pulmonary oedema	147	43.5
Avoid hyperoxia (saturations ≥ 99% or PaO2 ≥ 14 kPa)	206	60.9
Anti-sialogogues, e.g. glycopyrronium	40	11.8

Question 4: If institutions were to routinely screen for patients at high risk for POPC and then provide a POPC-reduction care bundle, what recommendations would you make for constituents of this care bundle? To be applied POST-operatively:
Answer options	Response count	Response percentage (%)
High-flow humidified oxygen via nasal cannulae	158	46.3
CPAP administered via facemask or hood	174	51.0
Extubation directly onto bi-level positive pressure ventilation via face mask in all patients	38	11.1
Extubation directly onto bi-level positive pressure ventilation via face mask in selected patients	105	30.8
Incentive spirometry/regular use of positive end-expiratory pressure valve	187	54.8
Inspiratory muscle training	162	47.5
Specific physical therapy or exercises, additional to ERAS early mobilisation	147	43.1
Avoid use of gastric acid suppression medications	96	28.2
Head of bed elevation	309	90.6
Mini-tracheostomy to permit suctioning of airway secretions	13	3.8
Avoidance of hyperoxia (saturations ≥ 99% or PaO2 ≥ 14 kPa)	194	56.9

Question 5: Would you potentially be interested in assessing the feasibility of using this care bundle approach in patients who are at high risk of POPC in your institution?
Answer options	Response count	Response percentage (%)
Yes	242	79.1
No	64	20.9

Question 6: Once feasibility has been assessed, might your institution be interested in participating in an international multi-centre clinical trial assessing the effectiveness of a POPC reduction care bundle?
Answer options	Response count	Response percentage (%)
Yes	239	78.1
No	67	21.9