Table 1.
Sociodemographic and osteoarthritis characteristics by presenteeism among respondents with osteoarthritis in Japan, 2014
| Presenteeism | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (N = 233) | Presenteeism (N = 166) | No Presenteeism(N = 67) | p-value* | ||||
| Female (%, N) | 43.8% | 102 | 46.4% | 77 | 37.3% | 25 | 0.206 |
| Age (Mean, SD) | 54.2 | 12.2 | 52.9 | 12.4 | 57.3 | 11.2 | 0.012 |
| Married or living with partner (%, N) | 66.5% | 155 | 62.7% | 104 | 76.1% | 51 | 0.049 |
| Annual household income (%, N) | 0.987 | ||||||
| < ¥3million | 14.2% | 33 | 13.9% | 23 | 14.9% | 10 | |
| ¥3million to <¥5million | 20.6% | 48 | 20.5% | 34 | 20.9% | 14 | |
| ¥5million to <¥9million | 36.5% | 85 | 37.3% | 62 | 34.3% | 23 | |
| ¥9million or more | 21.0% | 49 | 21.1% | 35 | 20.9% | 14 | |
| Decline to answer | 7.7% | 18 | 7.2% | 12 | 9.0% | 6 | |
| Education (%, N) | 0.017 | ||||||
| Junior/High School | 30.5% | 71 | 26.5% | 44 | 40.3% | 27 | |
| 2-year college | 14.6% | 34 | 16.3% | 27 | 10.4% | 7 | |
| 4-year college | 49.4% | 115 | 53.6% | 89 | 38.8% | 26 | |
| Graduate school | 5.6% | 13 | 3.6% | 6 | 10.4% | 7 | |
| CCI (Mean, SD) | 1.1 | 4.8 | 1.0 | 4.4 | 1.5 | 5.6 | 0.462 |
| BMI categories (%, N) | 0.665 | ||||||
| Underweight (< 18.5) | 7.7% | 18 | 7.2% | 12 | 9.0% | 6 | |
| Normal (18.5–24.9) | 61.4% | 143 | 59.0% | 98 | 67.2% | 45 | |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 22.7% | 53 | 24.7% | 41 | 17.9% | 12 | |
| Obese (30.0+) | 6.9% | 16 | 7.2% | 12 | 6.0% | 4 | |
| Decline to answer | 1.3% | 3 | 1.8% | 3 | 0.0% | 0 | |
| Smoking status (%, N) | 0.518 | ||||||
| Current smoker | 26.2% | 61 | 24.1% | 40 | 31.3% | 21 | |
| Former smoker | 34.3% | 80 | 35.5% | 59 | 31.3% | 21 | |
| Never smoker | 39.5% | 92 | 40.4% | 67 | 37.3% | 25 | |
| Drinks alcohol (%, N) | 75.5% | 176 | 74.1% | 123 | 79.1% | 53 | 0.421 |
| Exercise (%, N) | 51.1% | 119 | 51.8% | 86 | 49.3% | 33 | 0.724 |
| Length of arthritis diagnosis, yearsa (Mean, SD) | 8.4 | 11.3 | 8.4 | 11.0 | 8.2 | 12.0 | 0.897 |
| Number of joints affected (Mean, SD) | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 0.482 |
| Site affected by arthritis (%, N) | |||||||
| Ankles | 15.9% | 37 | 17.5% | 29 | 11.9% | 8 | 0.330 |
| Elbows | 13.3% | 31 | 12.0% | 20 | 16.4% | 11 | 0.397 |
| Feet | 14.6% | 34 | 14.5% | 24 | 14.9% | 10 | 1.000 |
| Fingers/Hands | 26.6% | 62 | 25.3% | 42 | 29.9% | 20 | 0.477 |
| Hips | 14.2% | 33 | 15.1% | 25 | 11.9% | 8 | 0.679 |
| Knees | 51.9% | 121 | 50.6% | 84 | 55.2% | 37 | 0.564 |
| Neck | 10.3% | 24 | 10.2% | 17 | 10.4% | 7 | 1.000 |
| Shoulders | 14.2% | 33 | 12.0% | 20 | 19.4% | 13 | 0.151 |
| Spine | 3.0% | 7 | 3.0% | 5 | 3.0% | 2 | 1.000 |
| Wrists | 16.7% | 39 | 17.5% | 29 | 14.9% | 10 | 0.702 |
| Other | 6.0% | 14 | 4.2% | 7 | 10.4% | 7 | 0.123 |
| Severity of arthritis (%, N) | |||||||
| Mild | 51.5% | 120 | 51.2% | 85 | 52.2% | 35 | 0.959 |
| Moderate | 38.6% | 90 | 39.2% | 65 | 37.3% | 25 | |
| Severe | 9.9% | 23 | 9.6% | 16 | 10.4% | 7 | |
| Frequency of problems with arthritis (%, N) | 0.520 | ||||||
| Daily | 33.0% | 77 | 35.5% | 59 | 26.9% | 18 | |
| 4–6 times a week | 7.7% | 18 | 8.4% | 14 | 6.0% | 4 | |
| 2–3 times a week | 12.9% | 30 | 13.3% | 22 | 11.9% | 8 | |
| Once a week | 2.6% | 6 | 3.0% | 5 | 1.5% | 1 | |
| 2–3 times a month | 14.2% | 33 | 12.0% | 20 | 19.4% | 13 | |
| Once a month or less often | 29.6% | 69 | 27.7% | 46 | 34.3% | 23 | |
| Use a prescription for OA (%, N) | 32.6% | 76 | 37.3% | 62 | 20.9% | 14 | 0.015 |
Note: BMI body mass index, CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, OA osteoarthritis
*Differences between none vs. any presenteeism were performed using t-tests for continuous variables and chi-square or Fisher exact (cells < 5) tests for categorical variables
aData for length of diagnosis were missing for an additional 12 respondents overall