Table 2.
Sociodemographic and osteoarthritis characteristics by absenteeism among respondents with osteoarthritis in Japan, 2014
| Absenteeisma | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (N = 233) | Absenteeism (N = 25) | No Absenteeism (N = 200) | p-value* | ||||
| Female (%, N) | 43.8% | 102 | 52.0% | 13 | 43.5% | 87 | 0.420 |
| Age (Mean, SD) | 54.2 | 12.2 | 46.1 | 15.3 | 55.4 | 11.3 | < 0.001 |
| Married or living with partner (%, N) | 66.5% | 155 | 64.0% | 16 | 68.0% | 136 | 0.687 |
| Annual household income (%, N) | 0.204 | ||||||
| < ¥3million | 14.2% | 33 | 8.0% | 2 | 15.0% | 30 | |
| ¥3million to <¥5million | 20.6% | 48 | 16.0% | 4 | 21.0% | 42 | |
| ¥5million to <¥9million | 36.5% | 85 | 32.0% | 8 | 37.5% | 75 | |
| ¥9million or more | 21.0% | 49 | 40.0% | 10 | 18.0% | 36 | |
| Decline to answer | 7.7% | 18 | 4.0% | 1 | 8.5% | 17 | |
| Education (%, N) | 0.584 | ||||||
| Junior/High School | 31.1% | 70 | 24.0% | 6 | 32.0% | 64 | |
| 2-year college | 14.2% | 32 | 20.0% | 5 | 13.5% | 27 | |
| 4-year college | 50.2% | 113 | 48.0% | 12 | 50.5% | 101 | |
| Graduate school | 4.4% | 10 | 8.0% | 2 | 4.0% | 8 | |
| CCI (Mean, SD) | 1.1 | 4.8 | 3.1 | 8.0 | 0.7 | 3.3 | 0.006 |
| BMI categories (%, N) | 0.557 | ||||||
| Underweight (< 18.5) | 7.7% | 18 | 8.0% | 2 | 8.0% | 16 | |
| Normal (18.5–24.9) | 61.4% | 143 | 68.0% | 17 | 60.5% | 121 | |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 22.7% | 53 | 12.0% | 3 | 23.5% | 47 | |
| Obese (30.0+) | 6.9% | 16 | 12.0% | 3 | 6.5% | 13 | |
| Decline to answer | 1.3% | 3 | 0.0% | 0 | 1.5% | 3 | |
| Smoking status (%, N) | 0.055 | ||||||
| Current smoker | 26.2% | 61 | 44.0% | 11 | 23.0% | 46 | |
| Former smoker | 34.3% | 80 | 20.0% | 5 | 37.0% | 74 | |
| Never smoker | 39.5% | 92 | 36.0% | 9 | 40.0% | 80 | |
| Drinks alcohol (%, N) | 75.5% | 176 | 84.0% | 21 | 75.0% | 150 | 0.421 |
| Exercise (%, N) | 51.1% | 119 | 56.0% | 14 | 49.0% | 98 | 0.509 |
| Length of arthritis diagnosis, yearsa (Mean, SD) | 8.4 | 11.3 | 12.0 | 16.2 | 7.9 | 10.5 | 0.100 |
| Number of joints affected (Mean, SD) | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 0.712 |
| Site affected by arthritis | |||||||
| Ankles | 15.9% | 37 | 20.0% | 5 | 14.5% | 29 | 0.551 |
| Elbows | 13.3% | 31 | 12.0% | 3 | 13.5% | 27 | 1.000 |
| Feet | 14.6% | 34 | 20.0% | 5 | 14.0% | 28 | 0.382 |
| Fingers/Hands | 26.2% | 59 | 20.0% | 5 | 27.0% | 54 | 0.453 |
| Hips | 14.2% | 33 | 24.0% | 6 | 12.5% | 25 | 0.126 |
| Knees | 51.9% | 121 | 32.0% | 8 | 54.0% | 108 | 0.055 |
| Neck | 10.3% | 24 | 8.0% | 2 | 10.5% | 21 | 1.000 |
| Shoulders | 14.2% | 33 | 8.0% | 2 | 15.0% | 30 | 0.544 |
| Spine | 3.0% | 7 | 4.0% | 1 | 2.5% | 5 | 0.511 |
| Wrists | 16.7% | 39 | 20.0% | 5 | 16.5% | 33 | 0.584 |
| Other | 6.0% | 14 | 8.0% | 2 | 5.5% | 11 | 0.643 |
| Severity of arthritis (%, N) | 0.356 | ||||||
| Mild | 51.5% | 120 | 56.0% | 14 | 52.0% | 104 | |
| Moderate | 38.6% | 90 | 28.0% | 7 | 39.0% | 78 | |
| Severe | 9.9% | 23 | 16.0% | 4 | 9.0% | 18 | |
| Frequency of problems with arthritis (%, N) | 0.032 | ||||||
| Daily | 33.0% | 77 | 24.0% | 6 | 33.0% | 66 | |
| 4–6 times a week | 7.7% | 18 | 16.0% | 4 | 6.5% | 13 | |
| 2–3 times a week | 12.9% | 30 | 32.0% | 8 | 11.0% | 22 | |
| Once a week | 2.6% | 6 | 0.0% | 0 | 3.0% | 6 | |
| 2–3 times a month | 14.2% | 33 | 12.0% | 3 | 15.0% | 30 | |
| Once a month or less often | 29.6% | 69 | 16.0% | 4 | 31.5% | 63 | |
| Use a prescription for OA (%, N) | 32.6% | 76 | 44.0% | 11 | 31.0% | 62 | 0.015 |
Note: BMI body mass index, CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, OA osteoarthritis
*Differences between none vs. any absenteeism were performed using t-tests for continuous variables and chi-square or Fisher exact (cells < 5) tests for categorical variables
aData for absenteeism were missing for eight respondents. Data for length of diagnosis were missing for an additional 12 respondents overall