Table 4.
Estimates and 90% uncertainty intervals for absolute decline and percentage decline in under-5 mortality rate in the first and fifth quintiles, and the change in ratios in 1990–2016, 1990–2000, and 2000–16, for regions
|
Absolute decline in first quintile under-5 mortality rate (deaths per 1000 livebirths) |
Absolute decline in fifth quintile under-5 mortality rate (deaths per 1000 livebirths) |
Percentage decline in first quintile under-5 mortality rate (%) |
Percentage decline in fifth quintile under-5 mortality rate (%) |
Change in difference*(deaths per 1000 livebirths), 1990–2016 | Change in ratio†(1990–2016) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average decline per year |
Total decline (1990–2016) | Average decline per year |
Total decline (1990–2016) | Average decline per year |
Total decline (1990–2016) | Average decline per year |
Total decline (1990–2016) | |||||||
| 1990–2000 | 2000–16 | 1990–2000 | 2000–16 | 1990–2000 | 2000–16 | 1990–2000 | 2000–16 | |||||||
| South Asia | 4·3 (3·4 to 5·2) | 3·7 (3·1 to 4·3) | 102·1 (90·8 to 112·6) | 1·8 (1·4 to 2·2) | 1·5 (1·2 to 1·8) | 42·6 (36·9 to 47·7) | 2·9% (2·3 to 3·5) | 3·9% (3·2 to 4·7) | 60·9% (55·5 to 65·6) | 3·0% (2·2 to 3·6) | 3·9% (3·0 to 4·8) | 61·0% (54·3 to 66·3) | −59·5 (−70·4 to −48·5) | 0·01 (−0·38 to 0·41) |
| Eastern Europe and central Asia | 1·3 (1·0 to 1·6) | 1·8 (1·5 to 2·0) | 41·9 (37·4 to 45·8) | 0·7 (0·5 to 0·8) | 0·9 (0·8 to 1·0) | 21·3 (18·5 to 23·8) | 2·4% (1·8 to 3·0) | 5·5% (4·6 to 6·1) | 68·3% (62·8 to 71·6) | 2·3% (1·7 to 2·9) | 5·5% (4·5 to 6·2) | 68·2% (62·4 to 71·9) | −20·6 (−25·1 to −15·9) | 0·00 (−0·26 to 0·28) |
| Eastern and southern Africa | 2·4 (1·8 to 3·1) | 4·7 (4·1 to 5·2) | 99·9 (87·5 to 109·3) | 1·9 (1·4 to 2·5) | 3·7 (3·3 to 4·1) | 79·1 (70·2 to 86·3) | 1·5% (1·1 to 1·9) | 4·3% (3·5 to 4·8) | 57·6% (51·5 to 61·4) | 1·7% (1·2 to 2·1) | 5·1% (4·3 to 5·6) | 63·5% (58·0 to 67·0) | −20·8 (−31·1 to −9·6) | 0·23 (0·07 to 0·38) |
| West and central Africa | 2·7 (1·7 to 3·9) | 5·1 (3·6 to 6·1) | 108·3 (83·0 to 127·9) | 1·9 (1·3 to 2·6) | 3·1 (2·4 to 3·6) | 68·5 (56·3 to 78·3) | 1·3% (0·8 to 1·8) | 3·2% (2·1 to 4·0) | 47·5% (37·2 to 54·6) | 1·6% (1·1 to 2·1) | 3·7% (2·7 to 4·4) | 53·4% (44·9 to 59·2) | −39·8 (−57·3 to −19·1) | 0·23 (0·00 to 0·47) |
| Latin America and Caribbean | 2·9 (2·5 to 3·4) | 1·4 (1·2 to 1·6) | 52·0 (46·1 to 57·7) | 1·4 (1·1 to 1·7) | 0·6 (0·5 to 0·7) | 23·4 (19·7 to 27·3) | 4·7% (4·1 to 5·3) | 3·9% (3·2 to 4·5) | 67·6% (63·1 to 71·1) | 4·9% (4·2 to 5·6) | 3·5% (2·8 to 4·1) | 67·5% (62·6 to 71·2) | −28·6 (−35·7 to −21·2) | −0·01 (−0·38 to 0·40) |
| East Asia and Pacific (excluding China) | 2·8 (2·3 to 3·4) | 1·9 (1·5 to 2·3) | 59·3 (51·0 to 66·7) | 1·3 (1·1 to 1·6) | 0·8 (0·6 to 1·0) | 26·4 (22·3 to 30·5) | 3·3% (2·8 to 3·9) | 3·6% (2·7 to 4·3) | 60·2% (53·5 to 65·2) | 3·7% (3·1 to 4·4) | 3·6% (2·7 to 4·4) | 62·7% (55·9 to 67·7) | −32·9 (−40·8 to −24·6) | 0·15 (−0·19 to 0·51) |
| Middle East and north Africa | 3·0 (2·6 to 3·4) | 1·7 (1·3 to 1·9) | 56·2 (49·1 to 62·3) | 1·4 (1·1 to 1·7) | 0·7 (0·6 to 0·9) | 25·8 (21·5 to 29·9) | 3·9% (3·4 to 4·4) | 3·5% (2·6 to 4·2) | 61·7% (55·5 to 66·2) | 3·8% (3·2 to 4·5) | 3·3% (2·4 to 4·0) | 60·4% (53·5 to 65·5) | −30·4 (−37·5 to −22·9) | −0·07 (−0·37 to 0·23) |
The first quintile is the 20% poorest quintile and the fifth quintile is the 20% richest quintile.
*
Difference between under-5 mortality rate in first and fifth quintile.
†
Ratio of mortality rate in first to fifth quintile.