Table A.1.

Pre-schooling and secondary school characteristics

	Variables
Pre-schooling characteristics
	Cognitive ability score (age 7)
	Relative rank of cognitive ability (age 11)
	Non-cognitive ability (BSAG) score (age 11)
	Number of children in primary school class (age 7)
	Indicator for unhappy at primary school (age 7)
	Indicator for parents’ wanting child to stay in school
	Indicator for male
	Morbidity index (age 7)
	Number of hospitalisations (age 7)
	Indicator for diabetes in family
	Indicator for epilepsy in family
	Indicator for heart disease in family
	Indicator for father chronically ill
	Indicator for mother chronically ill
	Indicator for father’s occupational SES professional
	Indicator for father’s occupational SES other non-manual
	Indicator for single parent family
	Indicator for financial hardship in family (age 7)
	Enumeration district: percentage unemployed/long-term sick
	Enumeration district: percentage women working
	Enumeration district: percentage employed in manufacturing
	Enumeration district: percentage emplyed in agriculture
	Enumeration district: percentage in professional/managerial occupations
	Enumeration district: percentage in other non-manual occupations
	Enumeration district: percentage in skilled manual occupations
	Enumeration district: percentage in semi-skilled manual occupations
	Enumeration district: percentage in unskilled manual occupations
	Enumeration district: percentage owner occupiers
	Enumeration district: percentage council tenants
	Enumeration district: percentage non-white
	Enumeration district: percentage immigrants
	Indicator for change of residence between LEAs (age 7)
	Indicators for Standard Regions
Secondary school characteristics
	Indicator for single sex school
	Indicator for streaming by ability within school
	Pupil-teacher ratio
	Ratio of expelled to total pupils