Table A.4.
First-stage regression results.
| Covariates | Coefficient | [95% Interval] | p-value | confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive ability, age 7 | −0.09 (0.03) | 0.002 | −0.15 | −0.03 |
| Non-cognitive ability, age 11 | 0.001 (0.002) |
0.6 | −0.003 | 0.01 |
| Parents say pupil unhappy at primary school, age 7 | 0.02 (0.08) | 0.835 | −0.15 | 0.18 |
| Parents want pupil to stay in school | 0.11 (0.06) | 0.055 | 0.005 | 0.23 |
| Male | 0.03 (0.04) | 0.481 | −0.05 | 0.11 |
| No. of acute illnesses child suffered up until age 7: 1 (ref 0) | −0.1 (0.06) | 0.111 | −0.22 | 0.02 |
| No. of acute illnesses child suffered up until age 7: >1 | −0.03 (0.07) | 0.662 | −0.16 | 0.1 |
| No. of times child was hospitalized up until age 7: 1 (ref 0) | −0.09 (0.05) | 0.05 | −0.19 | 0.0005 |
| No. of times child was hospitalized up until age 7: > 1 | −0.22 (0.1) | 0.033 | −0.42 | −0.02 |
| Height at age 7 (in cm) | 0.002 (0.004) |
0.672 | −0.01 | 0.01 |
| Epilepsy in family, until age 7 | −0.07 (0.08) | 0.39 | −0.23 | 0.09 |
| Presence of chronic illnesses in the family | 0.05 (0.14) | 0.694 | −0.22 | 0.33 |
| Father SES - high (Ref: ‘low SES’) | −0.07 (0.08) | 0.344 | −0.23 | 0.08 |
| Father SES - middle (Ref: ‘low SES’) | 0.03 (0.06) | 0.667 | −0.09 | 0.14 |
| Financial hardship episode (un till child age 7) | −0.02 (0.08) | 0.766 | −0.19 | 0.14 |
| Northwest | −0.13 (0.19) | 0.483 | −0.5 | 0.23 |
| EW riding | 0.53 (0.23) | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.99 |
| North Midlands | −0.07 (0.21) | 0.75 | −0.47 | 0.34 |
| Midlands | 0.13 (0.17) | 0.453 | −0.21 | 0.47 |
| East | 0.08 (0.23) | 0.706 | −0.36 | 0.53 |
| Southeast | −0.08 (0.2) | 0.697 | −0.48 | 0.32 |
| Southwest | 0.04 (0.21) | 0.843 | −0.37 | 0.45 |
| Wales | 0.55 (0.24) | 0.02 | 0.09 | 1.02 |
| % of population unemployed or disabled | −0.12 (0.38) | 0.755 | −0.85 | 0.62 |
| % of women in formal employment | 0.2 (0.12) | 0.109 | −0.04 | 0.43 |
| % of population in employed in mining and manufacturing | 0.15 (0.2) | 0.443 | −0.24 | 0.55 |
| % of population in employed in agriculture | −0.21 (0.24) | 0.386 | −0.68 | 0.26 |
| % of population in professional / managerial jobs | 0.16 (0.23) | 0.484 | −0.3 | 0.62 |
| % of population in unskilled workers | 0.01 (0.32) | 0.974 | −0.62 | 0.64 |
| % of population who is home owner | −0.33 (0.09) | 0.000 | −0.5 | −0.16 |
| % of population who is immigrant | −0.29 (0.43) | 0.5 | −1.13 | 0.55 |
|
| ||||
| IV: % comprehensive schools (F-stat for IV is 83) | 0.02 (0.004) | 0.000 | 0.008 | 0.03 |
|
| ||||
| Constant | −0.44 (0.54) | 0.421 | −1.51 | 0.63 |