Figure 2.

Plot of age-adjusted mean log-transformed impact counts by sarcopenia category and SPPB category. Points represent beta coefficients from linear regression adjusted for age. Bars represent 95% confidence intervals. Presarcopenia defined as ALMI ≤5.45 kg/m². Sarcopenia defined as ALMI ≤5.45 kg/m² plus either grip strength <20 kg and/or gait speed <0.8 m/s. ALMI = Appendicular Lean Mass Index; SPPB = Short Physical Performance Battery. Score out of 12 based on a maximum of four points for each of the three components: balance, chair rise, and gait speed. Low impacts 0.5<0.5g<1.0g, medium impacts 1.0<g<1.5, high impacts≥1.5g.