Table 3.
Fetal outcomes in patients with SLE and non-SLE
| Fetal outcomes | SLE (n=338) | Non-SLE (n=1014) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR† (95% CI) |
| Fetal loss (%) | 38 (11.2%) | 13 (1.3%) | 9.75 (5.13 to 18.55)** | 10.23 (5.08 to 20.59)** |
| Spontaneous abortion (%) | 11 (3.3%) | 7 (0.7%) | 4.84 (1.86 to 12.59)** | 4.42 (1.52 to 12.80)** |
| <10 weeks (%) | 2 (0.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | NA | NA |
| ≥10 weeks (%) | 9 (2.7%) | 7 (0.7%) | 3.94 (1.50 to 10.65)** | 3.79 (1.25 to 11.44)* |
| Therapeutic abortion (%) | 21 (6.2%) | 5 (0.5%) | 13.37 (5.00 to 35.74)** | 16.57 (5.80 to 47.35)** |
| Stillbirth (%) | 6 (1.8%) | 1 (0.1%) | 18.31 (2.20 to 152.62)** | 13.25 (1.49 to 118.11)* |
| Live birth | SLE (n=300) | Non-SLE (n=1001) | ||
| IUGR (%) | 37 (12.3%) | 57 (5.7%) | 2.33 (1.51 to 3.60)** | 2.20 (1.35 to 3.58)** |
| SGA (%) | 30 (10.0%) | 53 (5.3%) | 1.99 (1.25 to 3.17)** | 1.86 (1.11 to 3.13)* |
| Preterm birth (%) | 86 (28.7%) | 133 (13.3%) | 2.62 (1.92 to 3.58)** | 3.15 (2.21 to 4.50)** |
| Very preterm (%) | 15 (5.0%) | 19 (1.9%) | 2.72 (1.37 to 5.42)** | 3.57 (1.65 to 7.72)** |
| Moderate to late preterm (%) | 71 (23.7%) | 114 (11.4%) | 2.41 (1.73 to 3.36)** | 2.76 (1.90 to 4.03)** |
| Caesarean section (%) | 255 (85.0%) | 557 (55.6%) | 4.51 (3.21 to 6.35)** | 4.73 (3.30 to 6.80)** |
| Elective caesarean (%) | 231 (77.0%) | 298 (29.7%) | 8.37 (5.32 to 13.15)** | 9.27 (5.65 to 15.21)** |
| Emergency caesarean (%) | 24 (8.0%) | 259 (25.8%) | 0.12 (0.08 to 0.19)** | 0.11 (0.07 to 0.18)** |
| Congenital malformation (%) | 4 (1.3%) | 10 (1.0%) | 1.34 (0.42 to 4.30) | 1.60 (0.43 to 5.97) |
| Neonatal gender (boys) (%) | 149 (49.7%) | 548 (54.7%) | 0.82 (0.63 to 1.06) | 0.84 (0.63 to 1.11) |
| NICU (%) | 48 (16.0%) | 66 (6.6%) | 2.70 (1.81 to 4.01)** | 3.48 (2.21 to 5.48)** |
| Apgar score at 1<7 (%) | 3 (1.0%) | 6 (0.6%) | 1.68 (0.42 to 6.74) | 2.47 (0.55 to 11.14) |
| Apgar score at 5<7 (%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (0.2%) | NA | NA |
| Birth weight (g)±SD | 2763.7±588.7 | 3211.3±592.8 | NA | NA |
| Gestational days (d)±SD | 259.3±16.2 | 269.7±15.3 | NA | NA |
*P<0.05.
**P<0.01.
†Adjusted ORs were calculated using logistic regression analyses, which were adjusted for maternal age, region, nulliparity, history of spontaneous abortion, history of diabetes and history of hypertension.
IUGR, intrauterine growth restriction; NA, not applicable; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; SGA, small for gestational age; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus.