FIG. 8.

CORM-401 and the classical uncoupler CCCP cause polarization of the membrane in whole cells. E. coli cells were grown to the exponential phase and resuspended in 5 mM HEPES buffer to a final OD₆₀₀ of 0.6. Cells were incubated with 0.1 M KCl and 10 mM glucose before incubation with 0.4 μM DiSC3(5). Additions were as follows: (A) 1 μM valinomycin (val); (B) 50 μM CO (solid line) or buffer (dotted line); (C) 50 μM CORM-401; and (D) 1 μM CCCP. Trace (E) shows additions of 1 μM valinomycin, followed by 50 μM CORM-401; (F) shows additions of 1 μM valinomycin and then 1 μM CCCP. Results are representative of three independent biological repeats, where net changes in fluorescence were equivalent across all repeats. Fluorescence changes (ΔF) are expressed as arbitrary units (AU). CCCP, carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone.