Table 1.
Age-standardized characteristics of study participants from NHS and HPFS cohorts in 1996*
| Characteristics1 | No diabetes (N=143,785) | Type 2 diabetes (N=10,110) |
|---|---|---|
| Women, % | 71.0 | 70.2 |
| Age, years, SD | 62.5 (7.9) | 65.7 (7.5) |
| White race, % | 96.6 | 93.9 |
| Body mass index (BMI), kg/m2, SD | 26.2 (4.7) | 29.6 (5.9) |
| Obesity‡, % | 14.6 | 39.2 |
| History of hypertension, % | 26.1 | 57.4 |
| History of dyslipidemia, % | 27.8 | 51.3 |
| Duration of diabetes, years; median [IQR] | -- | 5.3 [0.8–12.0] |
| Smoking status, % | ||
| • Current | 12.0 | 10.2 |
| • Former | 42.2 | 46.4 |
| • Never | 45.8 | 43.4 |
| Physical activity, MET-hours/week, median [IQR] | 11.9 [6.2–27.1] | 11.5 [2.7–18.4] |
| Alcohol intake, grams/day, median [IQR] | 1.8 [0.0–6.9] | 0.9 [0.0–1.8] |
| Family history of diabetes, % | 22.8 | 46.7 |
| Regular aspirin use 2, % | 29.8 | 36.1 |
| Oral antidiabetic medication use 3, % | -- | 36.4 |
| Insulin use, % | -- | 6.9 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; MET, metabolic equivalents; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation.
All data reported as percentage (%) or mean±standard deviation (SD), unless noted otherwise. Except for the data on mean of age, all data shown are age-standardized to the age distribution of study participants.
1996 selected to represent population characteristics at the approximate middle of follow-up
Regular aspirin use was defined as the regular use of at least 2 aspirin pills per week
Oral antidiabetic medication use included any hypoglycemic medications taken by mouth, and did not distinguish by individual type of oral antidiabetic agent
Obesity defined as BMI ≥30kg/m2