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. 2018 Apr 12;12:28. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2018.00028

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Copyright © 2018 Wen, Lall, Pagnotta, Markward, Gupta, Ratnadurai-Giridharan, Bucci, Greenwald, Klugman, Hill and Carmel.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Forelimb motor control from both hemispheres in adult rats with neonatal pyramidotomy. (A) Control group. Muscimol, shown in blue, was injected into the left (L) or right (R) motor cortex. In the control rats, there was no significant difference between baseline performance (black, pre) and performance (green, right) after right motor cortex inactivation. Performance after left motor cortex inactivation (magenta, left) was significantly reduced compared to baseline performance (black, pre). Plotted dots in different shades of blue represent each rat’s success rate data points. (B) Neonatal pyramidotomy. Compared to baseline performance (black, pre), rats with neonatal pyramidotomy showed deficits in performance after both right (green, right) and left motor cortex (magenta, left) inactivation. In addition, rats with neonatal pyramidotomy showed larger impairments on the supination task than the controls after receiving right motor cortex inactivation. Plotted dots and triangles in different shades of pink represent each rat’s success rate data points. Dots in shades of pink indicate complete pyramidotomy and triangles represent rats with incomplete pyramidotomy. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.