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. 2018 Apr 18;8:6173. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-24260-y

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Molecular characterisation of the somatotropinomas. Seventeen somatotropinomas were available to determine by quantitave real-time PCR (qPCR) the expression profile of: (A) pituitary hormones [growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), proopiomelanocortin (POMC), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and the alpha subunit of the glycoproteins (CGA)]; (B) the five somatostatin receptors subtypes (sst1-5); (C) the five dopamine receptors subtypes (DRD1-5), including the total and large isoform of DRD2 (DRD2T and DRD2L, respectively); (D) other receptors [gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR), growth hormone releasing hormone receptor (GHRHR), corticotropin releasing hormone receptor (CRHR1), ghrelin receptor (GHSR1a), arginine-vasopressin receptor 1b (AVPR1b); and (E) and two proliferation markers [securin (PTTG1) and Ki67]. Data represent median ± interquartile range of absolute expression levels (copy number) of each transcript adjusted by the expression levels of a control gene (ACTB). Values in A-D that do not share a common letter are statistically different (P < 0.05) using a Kruskal-Wallis test followed by a Dunn’s multiple comparisons test. Mann-Whitney test was used for E (*** indicates P < 0.001).