Table 1.
Detected differential metabolites between NDS and NDAPS1 groups by LC-MS.
| Metabolites | Ion(m/z) | Mean intensity | Fold change | p-value | Physiological function | Metabolic pathway | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NDS | NDAPS1 | (NDAPS1/NDS) | |||||
| Carnitine | 162.112 | 267596.07 | 441492.50 | 1.65 | 0.009 | Fatty acid degradation | Lipid metabolism |
| Hexadecanoyl-L-carnitine | 422.324 | 134.10 | 1892.88 | 14.12 | 0.017 | Fatty acid degradation | Lipid metabolism |
| L-Gulono-1,4-lactone | 177.040 | 199.88 | 1880.93 | 9.41 | 0.017 | Ascorbate biosynthesis | Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism |
| L-Acetylcarnitine | 204.123 | 845970.59 | 1018787.57 | 1.20 | 0.026 | Insulin resistance | Lipid metabolism |
| D-Glucurono-6,3-lactone | 175.024 | 12205.64 | 2117.76 | 0.17 | 0.026 | Ascorbic acid synthesis | Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism |
| Hydroxykynurenine | 225.086 | 1663.02 | 283.58 | 0.17 | 0.026 | Amino acid biosynthesis | Tryptophan metabolism |
| Pyruvic acid | 87.008 | 4556.93 | 332.37 | 0.07 | 0.026 | Energy source | Citrate cycle |
| Taurocholate | 514.284 | 1666.34 | 89307.51 | 53.60 | 0.041 | Conjugated bile acid biosynthesis | Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism |
| D-Glutamine | 169.058 | 6640.24 | 8602.06 | 1.30 | 0.041 | Insulin and glucose modulation | D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism |
| β-Aminoisobutyric acid | 104.070 | 1459.53 | 3631.36 | 2.49 | 0.044 | Branched-chain amino acid degradation | Amino acid metabolism |
| Glycerol 3-phosphate | 171.006 | 1163.82 | 420.82 | 0.36 | 0.044 | Triacylglycerol biosynthesis | Lipid metabolism |
1 n = 6 per group.
2 Fold change was calculated by dividing the mean of the peak intensity of each metabolite from NDS and NDAPS1 groups.
3 Statistical analysis was conducted by using unpaired two-tailed student’s t-test.