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. 2018 Apr 18;9(5):444. doi: 10.1038/s41419-018-0473-5

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a The proliferation ability of the RPC cultures was assessed via CCK-8 analysis. A weakened proliferation capacity was detected in the RA-treated RPCs when compared with control. bThe qPCR results revealed that the expression level of Ki-67 decreased in the RPC cultures treated with RA. c-e Immunochemistry showed that the percentages of BrdU- and Ki-67-positive cells in the RA-treated RPC cultures were significantly lower than those in the control group. Scale bars: 100 μm. Data are the averages of three independent experiments. Error bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01 (Student’s t-test)