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. 2018 Apr 18;18:441. doi: 10.1186/s12885-018-4358-x

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© The Author(s). 2018

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 2 — Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells on the cellular 4D lung model. Primary tumors were formed in a bronchocentric fashion on the cellular lung upon A549 (a–d), H1299 (e–h) and H460 (i–l) cell seeding though the trachea. Human mitochondrial IHC staining clearly shows the presence of a tumor formed by human lung cancer cells in a rat lung after 12 days of culture in a bioreactor. Low and high power H&E staining indicates the presence of a microscopic tumor with distinctive histology based on type of cell placed in the model. A549 cells formed a focal acinar pattern with enlarged nuclei and scattered atypical mitotic cells (c and d). H1299 cells formed a solid tumor and resemble poorly differentiated cells with scattered atypical mitosis (g and h). H460 cells formed a solid tumor with vague glandular formation (k and l)