Table 3.
Hazard Ratios for Risk of First Hospitalization or First Outpatient Clinic Visit in Children With Cerebral Malaria or Severe Malarial Anemia Compared With Those of Community Children
| Clinical Outcome | Crude HR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted HR (95% CI)a | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospitalizationb | ||||
| CC | 1.0 (reference) | |||
| SMA | 13.57 (1.77–103.71) | .01 | 16.26 (2.03–130.34) | .01 |
| CM | 4.23 (.49–36.17) | .19 | 4.45 (.51–38.55) | .18 |
| Hospitalization for malariab | ||||
| CC | 1.0 (reference) | |||
| SMA | 12.70 (1.64–98.38) | .02 | 15.77 (1.91–130.54) | .01 |
| CM | 4.37 (.51–37.41) | .18 | 4.69 (.54–40.90) | .16 |
| Clinic visit for any illness | ||||
| CC | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| SMA | 3.24 (1.64–6.40) | .001 | 2.99 (1.46–6.10) | .003 |
| CM | 2.89 (1.47–5.69) | .002 | 2.65 (1.33–5.26) | .005 |
| Clinic visit for malaria | ||||
| CC | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| SMA | 3.09 (1.31–7.27) | .01 | 2.82 (1.15–6.91) | .02 |
| CM | 2.18 (.91–5.23) | .08 | 2.15 (.89–5.21) | .09 |
Abbreviations: CC, healthy children recruited from the community; CI, confidence interval; CM, cerebral malaria; HR, hazard ratio; SMA, severe malarial anemia.
aAdjusted for age, sex, and weight-for-age z score using Cox regression.
bCC had no hospitalizations within 6 months of follow-up, but the HRs were calculated as if 1 CC was hospitalized.