Table 4.
Incidence Rate Ratios for Hospitalizations and Outpatient Clinic Visits for Illness in Children With Cerebral Malaria or Severe Malarial Anemia (SMA) Compared to Those for Community Children
| Clinical Outcome | Crude IRR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted IRR (95% CI)a | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All hospitalizationsb | ||||
| CC | 1.0 (reference) | |||
| SMA | 16.88 (2.14–133.21) | .007 | 20.81 (2.48–174.68) | .005 |
| CM | 4.15 (.47–37.11) | .20 | 4.59 (.50–41.80) | .18 |
| Hospitalizations for malariab | ||||
| CC | 1.0 (reference) | |||
| SMA | 13.90 (1.74–110.98) | .01 | 17.29 (2.02–148.35) | .009 |
| CM | 4.15 (.47–37.10) | .20 | 4.51 (.49–41.26) | .18 |
| Clinic visits for any illness | ||||
| CC | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| SMA | 2.58 (1.38–4.83) | .003 | 2.35 (1.22–4.51) | .01 |
| CM | 2.44 (1.32–4.50) | .004 | 2.24 (1.20–4.15) | .01 |
| Clinic visits for malaria | ||||
| CC | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| SMA | 2.19 (.99–4.81) | .05 | 1.92 (.84–4.40) | .12 |
| CM | 1.83 (.83–4.01) | .13 | 1.78 (.80–3.93) | .16 |
Abbreviations: CC, healthy children recruited from the community; CI, confidence interval; CM, cerebral malaria; IRR, incidence rate ratio; SMA, severe malarial anemia.
aAdjusted for age, sex, and weight-for-age z score using negative binomial regression.
bCC had no hospitalizations within 6 months of follow-up, but the IRRs were calculated as if 1 CC was hospitalized.