Table 3.
Infectious Diarrheal Pathogens Detected From Stool Specimens Obtained From Pediatric Outpatients, Emergency Department Patients, and Inpatients With the FilmArray Gastrointestinal Panela
| Pathogen | Clinical Setting (n [%]) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Outpatient (n = 285) | Emergency (n = 174) | Inpatient (n = 630) | |
| Bacterial pathogens | 75 (26.3) | 49 (28.2) | 166 (26.3) |
| Aeromonas | 3 (1.1) | 3 (1.7) | 2 (0.3) |
| Campylobacter | 4 (1.4) | 5 (2.9)b | 5 (0.8) |
| C difficile | 51 (17.9)c | 19 (10.9)b | 102 (16.2) |
| Plesiomonas shigelloides | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (0.5) |
| Salmonella | 2 (0.7)c | 7 (4.0) | 12 (1.9) |
| Y enterocolitica | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.2) |
| Vibrio | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| V cholerae | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.2) |
| Shigella/EIEC | 6 (2.1) | 7 (4.0) | 9 (1.4) |
| Diarrheagenic E coli | 39 (13.7) | 32 (18.4)b | 73 (11.6) |
| EAEC | 5 (1.8)c | 9 (5.2) | 16 (2.5) |
| EPEC | 27 (9.5) | 23 (13.2)b | 39 (6.2) |
| ETEC | 3 (1.1) | 3 (1.7) | 5 (0.8) |
| All STEC | 8 (2.8) | 10 (5.7) | 25 (4.0) |
| E coli O157 | 3 (1.1) | 4 (2.3) | 14 (2.2) |
| Non-O157 | 5 (1.8) | 6 (3.4) | 11 (1.7) |
| Viral pathogens | 62 (21.8)c | 78 (44.8)b | 146 (23.2) |
| Adenovirus F 40/41 | 13 (4.6)c | 18 (10.3) | 40 (6.3) |
| Astrovirus | 6 (2.1) | 6 (3.4) | 13 (2.1) |
| Norovirus GI/GII | 29 (10.2)c | 37 (21.3)b | 58 (9.2) |
| Rotavirus A | 1 (0.4)c,d | 11 (6.3) | 28 (4.4) |
| Sapovirus | 19 (6.7) | 20 (11.5)b | 25 (4.0) |
| Protozoal pathogens | 18 (6.3)d | 9 (5.2)b | 9 (1.4) |
| Cryptosporidium | 5 (1.8) | 1 (0.6) | 3 (0.5) |
| C cayetanensis | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| E histolytica | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| G lamblia | 14 (4.9)d | 8 (4.6)b | 6 (1.0) |
| Codetection | 39 (13.7)c | 41 (23.6)b | 80 (12.7) |
| Negative | 147 (51.6)c | 56 (32.2)b | 334 (53.0) |
Abbreviations: EAEC, enteroaggregative E coli; EIEC, enteroinvasive E coli; EPEC, enteropathogenic E coli; ETEC, enterotoxigenic E coli; STEC, shigatoxigenic E coli.
aIn each cell are the number of positive specimens (percentage for diarrheal pathogen). Because multiple pathogens were detected in some children, numbers add up to >100%.
bStatistically significant difference in the frequency of detection between emergency department and inpatient diarrheal episodes (P < .05).
cStatistically significant difference in the frequency of detection between outpatient and emergency department diarrheal episodes (P < .05).
dStatistically significant difference in the frequency of detection between outpatient and inpatient diarrheal episodes (P < .05).