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. 2018 Feb 23;22(5):2706–2716. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.13554

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Deficiency in proliferative responses of iNKT cells on α‐GalCer and impaired in regulation of osteoclastogenesis by iNKT cells in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. A, The proliferative responses of iNKT cells stimulated by α‐GalCer in NDMM patients and healthy controls (HCs) at day 0, day 7 and day 14 were examined by flow cytometry. B, The percentages of iNKT cells in HCs were markedly higher than in NDMM patients after stimulated by α‐GalCer at days 7 and 14. C, Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 12 NDMM patients and 12 HCs were cultured with RANKL and macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF) in the presence of α‐GalCer or 0.1% DMSO (as control) and then stained for tartrate‐resistant acid phosphate (TRAP) as described in Section 2. Representative TRAP + multinucleated cells (MNC) from a NDMM patient and a HC. Original magnification × 100 (Bar = 100 μm). D(a), About the number of TRAP + MNCs, there were no significant differences between α‐GalCer‐stimulated cultures and DMSO control cultures in NDMM patients. (b) In HCs, the number of TRAP + MNCs was significantly decreased in α‐GalCer‐stimulated cultures compared with DMSO control cultures. (Mean ± SEM of each group were compared using Student's t test; *P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .001)