Table 4.

Associations Between Childhood Risk Factors, Race, and Adolescent Gun Carrying (N=485)

	Std. Est	95% CI
		UL	LL
Bivariate associations with gun carrying
Intercept neighborhood crime	0.17*	0.04	0.30
Intercept peer delinquency	0.45***	0.31	0.58
Slope peer delinquency	0.15	−0.03	0.32
Intercept conduct problems	0.43***	0.31	0.54
Slope conduct problems	0.30***	0.16	0.43
Black	0.31***	0.18	0.43
Model 1
Intercept neighborhood crime	0.02	−0.14	0.18
Intercept peer delinquency	0.28***	0.13	0.44
Slope peer delinquency	0.08	−0.09	0.25
Intercept conduct problems	0.33***	0.20	0.47
Slope conduct problems	0.23**	0.08	0.37
Model 2
Intercept neighborhood crime	−0.06	−0.23	0.11
Intercept peer delinquency	0.25**	0.09	0.42
Slope peer delinquency	0.06	−0.11	0.23
Intercept conduct problems	0.33***	0.20	0.46
Slope conduct problems	0.21**	0.07	0.36
Black	0.18*	0.03	0.33

Notes. Std. Est=Standardized Estimate. CI = confidence interval. LL = lower limit. UL = upper limit. Linear slope for neighborhood crime not included because there was no between-subject variability, which caused model convergence problems.

^***p <.001;

^**p <.01;

^*p <.05