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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Oct 11.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2018 Apr 11;556(7701):326–331. doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0027-0

Figure 3. Distinct projection-defined MPOAGal neuronal pools are tuned to specific aspects of parental behaviour.

Figure 3

a, b, Fibre photometry recording strategy (a) and setup (b). c–i, Averaged recording traces from MPOAGal population activity during pup sniffing (c), -grooming (d), -retrieval (e), entering nest with pups (f), entering empty nest (g), nest building (h) and crouching (i). Mean peak activity (Z-scores) shown in mothers (n = 4), virgin females (n = 3) and fathers (n = 5). j–l, Averaged recording traces and mean peak activity during control behaviours. m, Strategy for recording projection-defined MPOAGal subpopulations. n–p, Mean peak activation for PAG- (n, n = 10), VTA- (o, n = 12) and MeA- (p, n = 8) projections during parenting. q, Tuning matrix for pan-MPOAGal (upper) and projection-specific (lower) recordings. Two-tailed t-tests (Methods), c: ***P < 0.0001, ***P < 0.0001, P = 0.0001, d: ***P < 0.0001, e: ***P < 0.0001, ***P = 0.0008, 0.0004, f: ***P < 0.0001, *P = 0.0247, g: *P = 0.0185, 0.0365, 0.0105, j: ***P = 0.0002, ***P < 0.0001, k: **P = 0.0059, n: *P = 0.0362, p: *P = 0.0102, ***P < 0.0001, ***P = 0.0001. Data are mean ± s.e.m.