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. 2018 Apr 19;9:1560. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03669-z

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Pellino2 mediates activation of the NLRP3 pathway. ELISA of a IL-1β and b IL-18, and c LDH assay of medium from WT and Peli2^−/− BMDMs treated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 3 h with or without further stimulation with 2.5 mM ATP for 1 h. UT, untreated. d Immunoblot analysis of IL-1β and Caspase-1 in medium (Sup) and lysates from WT and Peli2^−/− BMDMs stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 3 h with or without further stimulation with 2.5 mM ATP for 1 h or transfection of Poly (dA:dT) (1 μg/ml) for 6 h. ELISA of e IL-1β and f IL-18 and g LDH assay of medium from WT and Peli2^−/− BMDMs treated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 3 h with or without further stimulation with 5 mM Nigericin for 1 h. h Immunoblot analysis of IL-1β and Caspase-1 in medium (Sup) and lysates from WT and Peli2^−/− BMDMs stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 3 h with or without further stimulation with 5 mM Nigericin for 1 h or transfection of Poly (dA:dT) (1 μg/ml) for 6 h. i ELISA of IL-1β of medium from WT and Peli2^−/− BMDMs treated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 3 h with or without further stimulation with the indicated concentrations of Alum for 6 h. j ELISA of IL-1β in medium from peritoneal-resident macrophages isolated from WT and Peli2^−/− mice. Cells were treated with 100 ng/ml of LPS for 3 h with or without further stimulation with 2.5 mM ATP for 1 h. k-m Human THP1 cells were transfected with human Pellino2-specific siRNA or control siRNA. k Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of PELI2 expression in transfected cells. l ELISA of IL-1β in medium from transfected THP1 cells stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 6 h with or without further treatment with 2.5 mM ATP or 5 mM Nigericin for 1 h. m Immunoblot analysis of IL-1β and Caspase-1 in medium (Sup) and lysates from transfected THP1 cells stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 6 h with or without further stimulation with 2.5 mM ATP or 5 mM Nigericin for 1 h. β-Actin was used as loading controls. *p < 0.05 (paired, two-tailed Student’s t-test). Data are biological replicates that are representative of three independent experiments. Error bars, s.e.m.