Table 4.

Association between stress at work and sickness days

	Job starters (18–29)			Early midlife (30–45)			Late midlife (46–57)			Older working life (58–65)			All age groups
	b	[95% CI]	p	b	[95% CI]	p	b	[95% CI]	p	b	[95% CI]	p	b	[95% CI]	p
Women
High effort
Model 1	2.95	[− 0.49–6.40]	0.093	3.87	[1.52–6.23]	0.001	4.38	[1.70–7.05]	0.001	8.47	[2.12–14.80]	0.009	4.19	[2.61–5.77]	< 0.001
Model 2	2.96	[− 0.50–6.42]	0.093	4.31	[1.95–6.66]	< 0.001	4.96	[2.29–7.64]	< 0.001	8.89	[2.48–15.30]	0.007	4.65	[3.07–6.24]	< 0.001
Model 3	2.55	[− 0.59–5.69]	0.111	3.33	[0.97–5.69]	0.006	3.26	[0.58–5.94]	0.017	7.43	[1.26–13.60]	0.018	3.32	[1.74–4.90]	< 0.001
Low reward
Model 1	3.28	[0.16–6.39]	0.039	4.24	[2.04–6.43]	< 0.001	6.10	[3.59–8.62]	< 0.001	5.73	[− 0.58–12.10]	0.075	5.04	[3.57–6.51]	< 0.001
Model 2	3.22	[0.21–6.23]	0.036	4.06	[1.87–6.25]	< 0.001	5.80	[3.29–8.31]	< 0.001	6.14	[− 0.19–12.50]	0.057	4.85	[3.38–6.32]	< 0.001
Model 3	2.52	[− 0.48–5.52]	0.099	3.19	[1.01–5.37]	0.004	4.39	[1.88–6.90]	0.001	3.34	[− 2.82–9.51]	0.288	3.56	[2.09–5.02]	< 0.001
ER ratio > 1
Model 1	3.54	[− 1.07–8.15]	0.133	5.16	[2.24–8.09]	0.001	7.18	[3.95–10.4]	< 0.001	13.4	[5.35–21.40]	0.001	6.26	[4.32–8.20]	< 0.001
Model 2	3.22	[− 1.36–7.79]	0.169	5.30	[2.39–8.22]	< 0.001	7.35	[4.13–10.6]	< 0.001	13.7	[5.68–21.70]	0.001	6.40	[4.46–8.33]	< 0.001
Model 3	3.74	[− 0.91–8.39]	0.115	3.70	[0.76–6.63]	0.014	5.43	[2.20–8.66]	0.001	10.3	[2.40–18.10]	0.011	4.56	[2.63–6.50]	< 0.001
Men
High effort
Model 1	− 1.27	[− 4.21–1.66]	0.394	0.46	[− 1.00–1.91]	0.536	− 0.08	[− 1.91–1.75]	0.931	2.47	[− 2.11–7.05]	0.291	0.28	[− 0.80–1.37]	0.608
Model 2	− 1.16	[− 4.02–1.70]	0.427	1.01	[− 0.45–2.46]	0.175	0.41	[− 1.43–2.24]	0.664	3.84	[− 0.73–8.41]	0.099	0.86	[− 0.23–1.95]	0.123
Model 3	− 1.47	[− 4.34–1.40]	0.315	0.33	[− 1.12–1.78]	0.654	− 0.76	[− 2.59–1.07]	0.415	2.44	[− 2.07–6.96]	0.289	− 0.059	[− 1.15–1.03]	0.916
Low reward
Model 1	− 0.19	[− 2.97–2.58]	0.891	3.53	[2.19–4.86]	< 0.001	2.50	[0.77–4.23]	0.005	3.67	[− 0.60–7.95]	0.092	2.88	[1.87–3.90]	< 0.001
Model 2	− 0.60	[− 3.24–2.05]	0.657	3.03	[1.69–4.37]	< 0.001	2.14	[0.41–3.88]	0.015	2.85	[− 1.40–7.10]	0.188	2.46	[1.44–3.48]	< 0.001
Model 3	− 1.12	[− 3.81–1.57]	0.414	2.17	[0.82–3.53]	0.002	1.11	[− 0.62–2.84]	0.210	1.07	[− 3.15–5.29]	0.620	1.44	[0.42–2.45]	0.006
ER ratio > 1
Model 1	− 1.66	[− 6.08–2.77]	0.463	4.43	[2.59–6.27]	< 0.001	2.34	[0.00–4.68]	0.050	6.20	[− 0.29–12.7]	0.061	3.33	[1.92–4.75]	< 0.001
Model 2	− 1.81	[− 6.17–2.56]	0.417	4.19	[2.36–6.03]	< 0.001	2.38	[0.05–4.71]	0.045	6.51	[0.09–12.90]	0.047	3.33	[1.92–4.74]	< 0.001
Model 3	− 2.66	[− 7.06–1.75]	0.237	3.14	[1.29–4.98]	0.001	1.13	[− 1.19–3.45]	0.340	4.70	[− 1.64–11.00]	0.146	2.09	[0.68–3.49]	0.004

Results of multivariable linear regression analyses predicting number of sickness days: regression coefficients (b), 95% confidence intervals [95% CI] and p values (p)

The presented estimates (b) correspond to the adjusted mean differences between those with and without stress. All estimations are based on random effect models accounting for year of data collection. Model 1 adjusts for partnership, years in current job and number of children living in the household (and age in case of all age groups). Model 2 is additionally adjusted for occupational position, education and income. Model 3 additionally includes self-rated health