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. 2018 Apr 13;9:233. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00233

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Copyright © 2018 Jantzie, Oppong, Conteh, Yellowhair, Kim, Fink, Wolin, Northington and Robinson.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Touchscreen operant chamber testing reveals impaired cognition. (A) Fewer vehicle-treated rats after prenatal injury successfully reached passing criterion for visual discrimination, compared to shams or erythropoietin (EPO) + melatonin (MLT)-treated injured rats (*p < 0.05). (B) Shams, vehicle-treated rats with prenatal injury, and EPO + MLT-treated rats with prenatal injury all committed approximately the same number of errors during visual discrimination testing. (C) The reaction latency between the three groups did not differ. (D) Likewise, the magazine latency was similar for all three groups. (E) Significantly fewer vehicle-treated rats after prenatal injury were able to pass criterion for VD and reversal (*p < 0.05). (F) After prenatal injury, vehicle-treated rats required more correction trials in reversal learning paradigms than shams.