Table 1.

Description of the 9 interactive dimensions of the FAAS-DCP.

Interactive dimensions	Description of the assessment
1. Readiness to interact	It assesses the physical signs, facial expressions, and attitudes signaling an availability to interact. The newborn’s availability to interact is based on the identification of newborn’s states as defined for the NNNS examination (Lester et al., 2004). Briefly, state 1 refers to an newborn who sleeps soundly; state 2 refers to an newborn who sleeps less soundly and exhibits some motor activity; state 3 refers to a drowsy newborn; state 4 refers to an awake and alert newborn; state 5 refers to an newborn who presents a considerable motor activity, potentially with brief fussy vocalizations; and state 6 refers to a newborn who is crying.
2. Gaze orientation	It assesses if gazes are is oriented within the triangular space of the interaction and if an eye contact is established with the newborn. This space is defined by the body positions of the mother, the father and the newborn.
3. Inclusion of partners	It assesses the inclusion of each family member. Behaviors constituting inclusion, self-exclusion (for example, when one parent withdraws from the interaction when he is supposed to participate), and hetero-exclusion (for example, one parent ignore the other) are evaluated.
4. Coparental coordination	It assesses cooperation and support between the parents, as well as intrusive or interfering behaviors occurring between them, and their overall coordination with each other during the activity. The presence of supportive behaviors directed at each other and overt or covert conflict are evaluated.
5. Role organization	It assesses the way each partner respects and expresses his assigned role in the activity and how the partners jointly negotiate the organization of the activity. The infant’s role is to send signals to his parents (movements, vocalizations, crying, etc.).
6. Parental scaffolding	It assesses the quality of parental stimulations and care, which should be predictable and adjusted to the newborn’s state and skills.
7. Shared and co-constructed activities	It assesses the ability of the parents to co-construct an activity taking into account of the newborn’s state. The shared interactions, including discussions, involved in carrying out the care activity are assessed. Co-construction is reached when each partner contributes to the evolution of the exchange.
8. Sensitivity	It assesses the validation and regulation of the newborn’s affect by the parents and if they respond empathically to their infant’s emotions. Sensitivity is defined by Ainsworth et al. (1978) as the ability to correctly “read” affects; it allows the validation of the newborn’s affects.
9. Family warmth	It assesses the affective tone of the interactions. Specifically, it evaluates how well positive or negative affects circulate between family members and if they are genuinely shared. It concerns the richness and harmony of the family’s emotional atmosphere.