Table 3. The graphic elements of the DDS and anxiety.
| Variables | Normal group (GAD-7 ≤ 5) n = 25 (39.1) | Anxiety group (GAD 7 > 5) n = 39 (60.9) | Full sample n = 64 (100) | χ2 test | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DDS: space usage | ||||||
| Free drawing | > 66% | 8 (32.0) | 10 (25.6) | 18 (28.1) | χ2 = 0.305a | |
| < 67% | 17 (68.0) | 29 (74.4) | 46 (71.9) | df = 1, P = 0.584 | ||
| Tree drawing | > 66% | 14 (56.0) | 9 (23.1) | 23 (35.9) | χ2 = 7.173a | |
| < 67% | 11 (44.0) | 30 (76.9) | 41 (64.1) | df = 1, P = 0.015b | ||
| Feeling drawing | > 66% | 14 (56.0) | 15 (17.7) | 29 (45.3) | χ2 = 1.891a | |
| < 67% | 11 (44.0) | 24 (21.3) | 35 (45.7) | df = 1, P = 0.204 | ||
| DDS: pressure | ||||||
| Free drawing | Light | 8 (32.0) | 21 (17.7) | 29 (45.3) | χ2 = 3.300a | |
| Middle | 12 (48.0) | 11 (14.0) | 23 (35.9) | df = 2, P = 0.192 | ||
| Heavy | 5 (20.0) | 7 (7.3) | 12 (18.8) | |||
| Tree drawing | Light | 13 (52.0) | 16 (17.7) | 29 (45.3) | χ2 = 2.731a | |
| Middle | 6 (24.0) | 11 (28.2) | 17 (26.6) | df = 3, P = 0.435 | ||
| Heavy | 5 (20.0) | 12 (30.8) | 17 (26.6) | |||
| Feeling drawing | Light | 14 (56.0) | 12 (30.8) | 26 (40.6) | χ2 = 6.022a | |
| Middle | 9 (36.0) | 15 (38.5) | 24 (37.5) | df = 2, P = 0.049b | ||
| Heavy | 2 (8.0) | 12 (30.8) | 14 (21.9) | |||
Values are presented as number (%). It is statically insignificant between anxiety and other graphic elements of the DDS such as color, idiosyncratic color, blending, elements, line length, integration, tree, depiction, edges, image, enclosure, movement, tilt, unusual placement, ground line, people, animals, objects, symbols, writing, and landscape.
DDS = Diagnostic Drawing Series, GAD-7 = Generalized Anxiety Disorder – 7, df = degrees of freedom.
a0 cells (0%) have expected count less than 5; b P < 0.05, c P < 0.005.