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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 20.
Published in final edited form as: Pediatr Res. 2017 Jun 21;82(4):614–619. doi: 10.1038/pr.2017.82

Table 5. Percent of children had an IEP, repeated a grade, special class, by cognitive function profiles based on IQ and EF, and on IQ only.

Classification by IQ and EF
Classification by IQ Only Normal Low Normal Moderately Impaired Severely Impaired
Overalla 83 (28%) 188 (52%) 128 (88%) 68 (99%)
22 (7%) 75 (21%) 56 (39%) 9 (13%)
10 (3%) 36 (10%) 71 (49%) 64 (93%)
n=299 n=360 n=145 n=69
ZIQ > -1b 83 (28%) 132 (48%) 8 (64%) 0
22 (7%) 53 (20%) 3 (27%)
10 (3%) 18 (6%) 4 (27%)
n=298 n=264 n=11
-2 < ZIQ ≤ -1a n=1 55 (64%) 61 (83%) 0
22 (24%) 34 (46%)
18 (20%) 30 (42%)
n=94 n=71
ZIQ ≤ -2c 0 n=2 59 (98%) 68 (99%)
19 (32%) 9 (13%)
37 (60%) 64 (93%)
n=63 n=69
a

p<0.001 comparing percentages across the row for IEP, repeat a grade, and special class via chi-square test

b

p<0.01 comparing percentages across the row for IEP, repeat a grade, and special class via chi-square test

c

p=0.921 for IEP, p=0.011 for repeat grade, p<0.001 for special class comparing percentages across the row via chi-square test