Table 3.
Associations between dietary patterns by quartile (Q) and lung cancer risk by histological types
| Dietary pattern | Controls | Adenocarcinoma | Squamous cell carcinoma | Others | All | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | adjusted OR*(95% CI) | N | adjusted OR*(95% CI) | N | adjusted OR*(95% CI) | N | adjusted OR*(95% CI) | ||
| High quality protein | |||||||||
| Q1(low) | 294 | 126 | 1 | 74 | 1 | 77 | 1 | 277 | 1 |
| Q2 | 296 | 130 | 1.119 (0.824–1.520) | 85 | 1.250 (0.856–1.824) | 75 | 1.068 (0.735–1.552) | 290 | 1.141 (0.891–1.460) |
| Q3 | 295 | 142 | 1.196 (0.883–1.618) | 88 | 1.341 (0.920–1.954) | 62 | 0.906 (0.615–1.336) | 292 | 1.134 (0.885–1.452) |
| Q4(high) | 294 | 153 | 1.400 (0.999–1.890) | 77 | 1.254 (0.853–1.845) | 76 | 1.192 (0.820–1.734) | 306 | 1.283 (0.999–1.643) |
| P for trend | 0.170 | 0.406 | 0.785 | 0.063 | |||||
| Fruits and vegetables | |||||||||
| Q1(low) | 294 | 283 | 1 | 160 | 1 | 160 | 1 | 603 | 1 |
| Q2 | 295 | 121 | 0.439 (0.332–0.581) | 79 | 0.513 (0.365–0.720) | 61 | 0.398 (0.280–0.565) | 261 | 0.447 (0.354–0.566) |
| Q3 | 296 | 85 | 0.282 (0.208–0.384) | 51 | 0.330 (0.225–0.484) | 40 | 0.247 (0.166–0.369) | 176 | 0.285 (0.221–0.368) |
| Q4(high) | 294 | 62 | 0.213 (0.152–0.298) | 34 | 0.235 (0.152–0.363) | 29 | 0.188 (0.120–0.295) | 125 | 0.216 (0.164–0.284) |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||
| Cereals/wheat and meat | |||||||||
| Q1(low) | 294 | 117 | 1 | 92 | 1 | 84 | 1 | 293 | 1 |
| Q2 | 295 | 146 | 1.149 (0.847–1.561) | 93 | 0.848 (0.592–1.215) | 78 | 0.820 (0.569–1.182) | 317 | 0.973 (0.759–1.246) |
| Q3 | 296 | 127 | 0.920 (0.673–1.257) | 83 | 0.816 (0.565–1.179) | 70 | 0.744 (0.512–1.081) | 280 | 0.846 (0.658–1.086) |
| Q4(high) | 294 | 164 | 1.179 (0.871–1.597) | 56 | 0.534 (0.358–0.796) | 58 | 0.588 (0.397–0.872) | 278 | 0.831 (0.645–1.070) |
| P for trend | 0.342 | 0.012 | 0.021 | 0.230 | |||||
| Frugal pattern | |||||||||
| Q1(low) | 294 | 126 | 1 | 75 | 1 | 63 | 1 | 264 | 1 |
| Q2 | 296 | 117 | 0.857 (0.627–1.171) | 72 | 0.841 (0.569–1.243) | 66 | 0.951 (0.638–1.417) | 255 | 0.873 (0.675–1.129) |
| Q3 | 295 | 118 | 0.827 (0.605–1.131) | 81 | 0.894 (0.610–1.311) | 73 | 1.022 (0.690–1.514) | 272 | 0.897 (0.695–1.159) |
| Q4(high) | 294 | 190 | 1.337 (0.998–1.790) | 96 | 1.029 (0.710–1.491) | 88 | 1.216 (0.831–1.779) | 374 | 1.235(0.966–1.581) |
| P for trend | 0.050 | 0.791 | 0.267 | 0.073 | |||||
*adjusted by incomes, occupation, education, family history of lung cancer, history of lung diseases, environmental tobacco smoke, smoking status, BMI