Fig. 2. (A) Cell TEM images of 1 silica particles inside mitochondria of SCC7 cells and HEK293T cells. (B) Confocal analysis showing mitochondrial fragmentation after 1 treatment of SCC7 cells (bottom), compared with control (top). (C) Confocal microscopy images showing mitochondrial membrane depolarization using TMRM. (D) Cellular uptake of 1. The histograms represent the mass of silicon per cell without (green) and with (red) treatment of 1. (E) A CLSM image showing ROS generation measured by DHE in SCC7 cells (**P < 0.01, t-test).