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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 20.
Published in final edited form as: J Community Health Nurs. 2012;29(4):202–213. doi: 10.1080/07370016.2012.724284

TABLE 1.

Characteristics of Sample (N = 596)

Sample (N = 596)
Women (N = 290)
Men (N = 306)
N % N % N %
Age—mean (SD) 34.7   (10.8) 33.9     (9.8)   35.5   (11.6)
Race/Ethnicity1
 White  244   41.6  123   43.0    121   40.3
 Black  249   42.5  116   40.6    133   44.3
 Latino    53     9.0    24     8.4      29     9.7
 Biracial    19     3.2      9     3.1      10     3.3
 Other    21     3.6    14     4.9        7     2.3
High school graduate/GED  418   70.5  202   70.1    216   70.8
Employed prior to incarceration  302   51.7  107   37.7***    195   65.0
Received public benefits before incarceration  226   43.5  133   55.0***      93   33.5
Unstably housed prior to incarceration    50     8.5    30   10.6      20     6.6
Lived with at least one child < 18 before incarceration  280   47.9  141   49.5    139   46.3
Marital status as “single”  431   74.4  202   74.0    229   74.8
Insured prior to incarceration  250   43.0  126   45.2    124   40.9
Lifetime months in jail or prison—mean (SD)  33.2   (47.0) 17.9   (31.3)***   43.0   (54.9)
Ever diagnosed with an STI    94   16.0    58   20.4**      36   12.0
Ever exchanged sex for drug or money    84   14.6    68   24.5***      16     5.4
Had a violent injury in year prior to incarceration    65   11.0    33   11.5      32   10.6
Experienced IPV in year prior to incarceration  192   36.3  127   46.4***      65   25.5
Physical or sexual abuse before age 16  376   63.1  187   64.5    189   61.8
Sexual abuse before age 16  120   20.9    95   34.9***      25     8.3
Fear of neighborhood violence score—mean (SD)2   1.4    (0.9)   1.5    (0.9)    1.4    (0.9)
Level of perceived neighborhood violence—mean (SD)3   1.3    (1.6)   1.2    (1.5)    1.3    (1.6)
Hearing about neighborhood violence y/n4  316   53.0  152   52.4    164   53.6
Victim of neighborhood violence (or family member)  134   23.1    61   21.7      73   24.3
Months in neighborhood prior to incarceration—mean (SD) 92.2 (120.9) 71.9 (108.2)*** 110.6 128.8
Ever had an unintended pregnancy  294   49.7  155   53.8*    139   45.9
1

10 cases had missing race/ethnicity data.

2

“In the neighborhood where you lived before being incarcerated, were you afraid you would be hurt by violence?” 1 = None of the time, 2 = A little of the time, 3 = Most of the time, 4 = All of the time.

3

Level of neighborhood violence, High summary score = greater perceived neighborhood violence.

4

Hearing about any of the following in the last six months (y/no question): violent arguments, robberies, gang activities, murders.

*

p ≤ 0.05.

**

p ≤ 0.01.

***

p ≤ 0.001. for comparison of women to men.