Table 2.
Associations between Birth Weight, BMI Trajectory, and Pre/Diabetes in Adulthood: Females
| Outcome: pre/diabetesa | Outcome: BMI interceptb | Outcome: BMI slopeb | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | |||
| Birth weight | −0.13 (−0.28, 0.03) | — | — |
| Model 2 | |||
| Birth weight | — | −2.07 (−4.10, −0.05) | 1.65 (−0.03, 3.32) |
| Birth weight2 | — | 0.43 (0.09, 0.76) | −0.21 (−0.48, 0.07) |
| Model 3 | |||
| Birth weight | −0.23 (−0.39, −0.08) | −1.86 (−3.83, 0.11) | 1.35 (−0.24, 2.95) |
| Birth weight2 | — | 0.39 (0.07, 0.72) | −0.16 (−0.42, 0.10) |
| BMI intercept | 0.09 (0.06, 0.11) | — | — |
| BMI slope | 0.11 (0.07, 0.15) | — | — |
National Longitudinal Study for Adolescent and Adult Health (n = 7012 females). Associations estimated from gender-stratified path analysis models predicting latent BMI trajectories from adolescence (age 12–19) to adulthood (age 25–32). All models adjusted for race/ethnicity, parental education, and parental income at Wave I and time-varying smoking, participant income, and participant education. Bold font indicates statistical significance (p < 0.05).
Log-odds estimates (95% confidence interval); odds ratios are calculated as exp(coefficient).
Unstandardized linear regression coefficients.
Model 1 examines the overall association between birth weight and pre/diabetes.
Model 2 examines the association between birth weight and BMI trajectory.
Model 3 examines the full pathway from birth weight to BMI trajectory and BMI trajectory to pre/diabetes.