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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Biol Regul. 2017 Nov 14;67:134–140. doi: 10.1016/j.jbior.2017.11.004

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Diagram of the three mechanisms for enzymatic generation of phosphatidic acid (PA). The hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine by phospholipase D (PLD) releases the headgroup choline to generate PA. Additionally, diacylglycerol can be phosphorylated by diacylglycerol kinase (DGK), whereas LysoPA can be acetylated by LysoPA acetyltransferases (LPAAT). LysoPA can be generated from the glycolytic metabolite glycerol-3-phosphate. PA can be dephosphorylated by lipin to generate diacylglycerol or deacetylation by phospholipases (PLA) to generate LysoPA.