Fig.1.

Convergence of findings from multiple studies of cerebellar topography suggesting an overarching organizing principle based on two motor and three nonmotor representations. Green circles indicate first motor (lobules IV/V/VI) and nonmotor (VI/Crus I) representation; blue circles indicate second motor (lobule VIII) and nonmotor (Crus II/VIIB) representation; red circles indicate third nonmotor representation (lobules IX/X). Note that areas of first and second nonmotor representation are contiguous. A: Classical electrical stimulation studies showed double representation of sensorimotor activation in the cerebellum (first = lobules IV/V/VI and second = lobule VIII) (Snider and Eldred, 1952; permission pending). B: Tract tracing studies demonstrated labeling of the cerebellum in two different locations after injecting viral tracers in motor and nonmotor cerebral cortical areas (viral tracer in M1 labeled cerebellar lobules IV/V/VI and VIIB/VIII, left image; viral tracer in prefrontal cortex area 46 labeled cerebellar lobules Crus I / Crus II and IX, right image) (Kelly and Strick, 2003; permission pending). C: Resting-state functional connectivity studies suggest that each resting-state network is represented three times in the cerebellum (approximately lobules IV/V/VI/Crus I, lobules Crus II/VIIB/VIII and lobules IX/X) with the possible exception of the somatomotor network (represented only twice) (image from Buckner et al., 2011, where each color represents one of the seven resting-state networks defined in Yeo et al., 2011).