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. 2018 Apr 20;8:6337. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-24706-3

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The influence of MIF on the intestinal permeability. (a–h) Electron micrographs showing the tight junctions (TJ), adherens junctions (AJ) and desmosomes (DS) of colon epithelial cells. (a,b) TJ, AJ and DS in the colon of WT mice (x56000). (c) TJ in the colon of MIF-KO animals were wider, without complete obliteration of intercellular space (x56000). (d) The same TJ in MIF-KO animal, on higher magnification (x140000). (e) Wide TJ in the colon of MIF-KO animal; obliteration of intercellular space is missing (x56000). (f) The same TJ in MIF-KO animal, on higher magnification (x89000). (g) Wide AJ in the colon of MIF-KO animal (x44000). (h) The same AJ in MIF-KO animal, on higher magnification (x89000). (i) Concentration of serum FITC-dextran representing intestinal permeability. (j) Nitric oxide secretion from the peritoneal cells stimulated in vitro by LPS. (k–m) Cytokine secretion from peritoneal cells stimulated with LPS in vitro. For statistical analysis, test of normality and Mann–Whitney U-test were used. *p<0.05 represents the significant difference between values of WT vs MIF-KO mice.