(a–p) Lateral and dorsal views of E9.5, E10.5, E12.5, and E14.5 control RARE-LacZ, Rdh10trex/trex; RARE-LacZ, and Dhrs3−/−;RARE-LacZ embryos illustrating diminished retinoic acid signaling in the craniofacial and trunk regions of Rdh10trex/trex embryos and expanded regions of signaling in the frontonasal region and tail of Dhrs3−/− embryos. (q) Lateral view of LacZ expression in a bisected E14.5 Rdh10bgeo/+ embryo revealing RDH10 activity in the upper and lower lip, nasal epithelium, neural tube, heart, gut, and interdigital zone of the limbs. (r) Lateral view of an E14.5 embryo section immunostained with anti-DHRS3 (red) and DAPI (blue) illustrating DHRS3 activity in the neural tube, heart, liver, kidney, and nasal epithelium; g, gut; h, heart; id, interdigital zone of the limbs; ki, kidney; li, liver; ul, upper lip; ll, lower lip; nt, neural tube; ne, nasal epithelium. Panels (g)–(i) were adapted from Ref 135.