Table 2.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics (N = 221) by Cognitive/Social Activity Level (Florida Cognitive Activity Scale)
| Variables | Low (n = 37) | Medium (n = 147) | High (n = 37) | Statistic | df | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic/Psychosocial | ||||||
| Age (mean, SD) | 74.3 (7.2) | 76.0 (7.2) | 74.2 (5.6) | F = 1.60 | 2,218 | .204 |
| Female (n, %) | 32 (86.5) | 116 (78.9) | 29 (78.4) | X2 = 1.15 | 2 | .564 |
| Education, yrs. (mean, SD)1 | 11.8 (2.7) | 12.5 (2.5) | 13.4 (2.6) | F = 4.04 | 2,218 | .019 |
| WRAT (mean, SD)2,3 | 23.3 (7.9) | 27.6 (6.8) | 28.1 (5.5) | F = 6.44 | 2, 218 | .002 |
| GDS score (mean, SD)4,5 | 5.2 (3.2) | 3.2 (3.1) | 2.1 (2.1) | F =11.2 | 2, 218 | <.001 |
| Physical | ||||||
| Chronic Disease Score (mean, SD) | 4335.6 (4007.5) | 4552.5 (4571.3) | 3553.2 (2389.7) | F = .83 | 2, 218 | .433 |
| Able to walk 2 blocks without assistance (n, %) | 18 (50) | 114 (79.2) | 29 (78.4) | X2 = 13.20 | 2 | .001 |
| ADL-PI score (mean, SD)6,7 | 30.8 (6.6) | 36.3 (5.3) | 38.8 (4.3) | F = 22.00 | 2, 218 | <.001 |
| Neurospsycholgocal | ||||||
| Mini Mental Status Score | 25.6 (2.9) | 25.8 (2.3) | 26.2 (2.3) | F = .51 | 2, 218 | .602 |
| HVLT Total Recall78 | 13.1 (3.6) | 14.8 (3.4) | 16.3 (2.9) | F =8.23 | 2, 218 | <.001 |
| HVLT Delayed Recall8 | 2.1 (1.8) | 1.6 (1.8) | 1.9 (1.9) | F = 1.41 | 2, 218 | .248 |
| Boston Naming Test | 11.6 (2.4) | 12.3 (2.2) | 12.6 (1.7) | F = 2.10 | 2, 218 | .124 |
| Category Fluency | 11.8 (3.7) | 12.3 (3.6) | 13.2 (3.1) | F = 1.49 | 2, 218 | .228 |
| Trail Making Test, Part A9 | 91.6 (38.5) | 77.4 (33.1) | 69.1 (32.7) | F = 4.26 | 2, 218 | .015 |
| Trail Making Test, Part B10 | 249.7 (73.0 | 244.6 (73.6) | 202.9 (78.9) | F = 5.17 | 2, 218 | .006 |
| Digit Symbol Substitution10 | 27.8 (13.2) | 31.1 (12.7) | 37.2 (14.2) | F = 5.11 | 2, 218 | .007 |
| Digit Span - Forward | 6.7 (1.9) | 7.1 (1.8) | 7.2 (2.0) | F = .87 | 2, 218 | .420 |
| Digit-Span - Backward | 4.3 (1.5) | 4.4 (1.4) | 4.4 (1.8) | F = .06 | 2, 218 | .940 |
| Wechsler Memory Scale-R Logical Memory IA9 | 7.6 (2.7) | 9.1(3.7) | 10.0 (3.2) | F = 4.39 | 2, 218 | .014 |
| Wechsler Memory Scale-R Logical Memory IIA | 5.2 (3.5) | 6.2 (4.1) | 7.0 (3.3) | F = 1.983 | 2, 218 | .140 |
| Amnestic MCI-multiple domain (n, %) | 6 (16.2) | 25 (17) | 14 (37.8) | X2 = 8.38 | 2 | .015 |
The low activity group has fewer years of education than the high activity group.
Wide Range Achievement Test; higher scores signify better literacy.
The low activity group has significantly lower scores than the middle and high activity groups.
Geriatric Depression Scale; higher scores signify worse depression.
The low activity group has significantly higher scores than the middle and high activity groups.
Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Study Activities of Daily Living–Prevention Instrument; higher scores signify better function.
All 3 activity groups differ significantly from each other.
Hopkins Verbal Learning Test; higher scores signify better memory.
Scores for the low activity group are significantly worse than those of the high activity group.
Scores for the high activity group are significantly better than scores of the middle and low activity groups.