Table 1.
Participant characteristics at baseline by sex, median (IQR) or N (%).
| All (N = 1,618) |
Men (N = 884) |
Women (N = 734) |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||
| Age | 73.0 (64.5, 79.8) | 74.1 (65.6, 80.8) | 71.9 (63.8, 78.4) | 0.002 |
| Education (years) | 14 (12, 16) | 15 (12, 17) | 14 (12, 16) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.7 (25.1, 31.1) | 28.0 (25.4, 30.9) | 27.4 (24.3, 31.4) | 0.054 |
| Cognitive impairment* | 88 (5) | 54 (6) | 34 (5) | 0.223 |
| CCI score | 5 (3, 8) | 6 (4, 8) | 5 (3, 7) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 1,002 (63) | 587 (67) | 431 (59) | 0.001 |
| Diabetes | 265 (17) | 170 (20) | 95 (13) | <0.001 |
| CABG | 90 (6) | 76 (9) | 14 (2) | <0.001 |
| Myocardial infarction | 212 (13) | 162 (19) | 50 (7) | <0.001 |
| Stroke | 57 (4) | 36 (4) | 21 (3) | 0.135 |
| Cancer | 331 (24) | 204 (27) | 127 (21) | 0.015 |
| Depression (BDI≥13) | 123 (8) | 64 (7) | 59 (8) | 0.634 |
| Gait speed (m/s) | 1.14 (0.98, 1.27) | 1.16 (1.01, 1.28) | 1.13 (0.96, 1.26) | 0.019 |
| HRT (women) | 74 (10) | – | – | – |
| Total IGF-1 (ng/ml) | 118.0 (91.0, 149.0) | 125.0 (97.0, 156.5) | 109.0 (84.0, 141.0) | <0.001 |
| IGFBP-3 (μg/ml) | 3.5 (2.9, 4.1) | 3.3 (2.7, 3.9) | 3.7 (3.1, 4.4) | <0.001 |
| IGF-1/IGFBP-3 (ng/μg/ml) | 34.4 (28.4, 41.9) | 39.1 (32.6, 46.0) | 29.6 (24.4, 35.2) | <0.001 |
*
Cognitive impairment defined as z global score < −1.0 SD below the age-specific norm
BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; HRT, hormone replacement therapy