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. 2018 Apr 16;9:363. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00363

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Copyright © 2018 Spühler, Jansson, Jansson and Hoffman.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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To detect collision we calculate the distance d_ij between the leaflets L^j and Lⁱ for i, j = 1, 2, 3 (A). As soon as the minimal distance is below a certain threshold, the valve opening is closed. A 2D-surface (blue) is included to model a proper closure (B) and the geometric model of the valve opening is closed by marking the cells directly attached to the 2D-surface as solid (C).