Table 1. Percutaneous versus open surgical cannulation insertion. See text for discussion and references.

Variables	Percutaneous insertion	Open/surgical cut down
Infection rates	Low	Mod/high
Availability of cannulators with skill set	Widespread	Limited
Bleeding risk	Low	Mod/high
Speed of insertion	Fast	Slow (if requires move to OR)
Lymphocele risk	Low	Moderate
Decannulation	Simple compression	Operative/reconstruction

OR, operating room.