Table 2. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for pancreatic cancer risk according to category of BMI at baseline among males.

	Categories of BMI at baseline (kg/m2)							Trend (per 1 kg/m2)	Trend P	Heterogeneity [P, I2 (%)]
	<19	19 to <21	21 to <23	23 to <25	25 to <27	27 to <30	≥30			For trend	For the highest category
Number of subjects (N)	10,043	27,472	42,006	39,963	22,006	10,754	2,672
Person-years (N)	111,259.9	345,620.1	544,890.7	532,025.8	295,509.3	145,176.7	34,168.7
Number of cases (N)	70	183	234	199	95	50	18
Crude rate (per 100,000)	62.9157	52.9483	42.9444	37.4042	32.1479	34.4408	52.6798
HR (model 1) overall	1.24 (0.85–1.81)	1.26 (0.98–1.63)	1.08 (0.90–1.31)	Reference	0.91 (0.71–1.17)	1.11 (0.81–1.53)	1.73 (1.04–2.87)	0.97 (0.94–1.01)	0.112	P = 0.065, 45.7	P = 0.890, 0
HR (model 2) overall	1.22 (0.85–1.77)	1.26 (0.98–1.63)	1.08 (0.89–1.31)	Reference	0.91 (0.71–1.17)	1.12 (0.82–1.54)	1.71 (1.03–2.86)	0.97 (0.94–1.01)	0.113	P = 0.094, 41.0	P = 0.931, 0
HR (model 1) excluding early cases	1.14 (0.73–1.79)	1.22 (0.92–1.62)	1.00 (0.81–1.22)	Reference	0.87 (0.66–1.16)	1.00 (0.69–1.45)	1.66 (0.96–2.89)	0.97 (0.93–1.01)	0.106	P = 0.075, 44.0	P = 0.908, 0
HR (model 2) excluding early cases	1.14 (0.73–1.78)	1.22 (0.92–1.62)	1.00 (0.82–1.23)	Reference	0.87 (0.65–1.17)	1.01 (0.71–1.45)	1.65 (0.94–2.88)	0.97 (0.93–1.01)	0.090	P = 0.122, 37.1	P = 0.941, 0

BMI, body mass index.

Model 1 adjusted for age and area (within each study for JPHC and JACC). Model 2 adjusted for age, area, smoking (pack-years [PY] = 0, 0 < PY ≤ 20, >20, or unknown), drinking (never, <1 week/day, current <23 g/day, 23 to <46 g/day, 46 to <69 g/day, ≥69 g/day, or unknown), and history of diabetes (yes, no, or unknown). HRs values in bold show statistical significance.