T cell response after MCT- or alum-adjuvanted immunization. C57BL/6 mice (n = 5) were adoptively transferred with OT-I and OT-II cells and immunized with 100 μg OVA on MCT (gray bars) or alum (black bars) 1 and 8 d later (individual mice are indicated). On day 15, spleen cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. (A) Dot blots and histograms show SIINFEKL-specific CD8 T cell activation (CD44) and proliferation (H2Kb pentamer). Frequencies of IFN-γ–producing and IFN-γ– and TNF-α–double-producing CD8 T cells (B) and CD4 T cells (C). (D) Splenocytes were also restimulated in vitro with MHC class I–restricted OVA aa 257–264 (SIINFEKL), MHC class II–restricted OVA aa 323–339, or OVA protein, and IFN-γ in culture supernatants was measured by ELISA. Mean ± SD of means are illustrated. The experiment is representative of two independent experiments with comparable results. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.