Table 5.
Comparative analysis methods of PM-related medicinal plants.
| Techniques | Analytes | Samples | Details | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HPLC-VWD/DAD (254, 280, 320 nm) | TSG, emodin, physcion, aloe-emodin, rhein, chrysophanol, EMG, piceid, resveratrol, epicatechin, gallic acid, sennoside A and B | PM, PC, and RO | Eluted with CH3CN: H2O (containing 0.05% HCOOH) (0 min: 5:95; 2 min: 10:90; 4 min: 15:85; 10 min: 15:85; 11 min: 21:79; 14 min: 21:79; 21 min: 29:71; 23 min: 40:60; 25 min: 50:50; 26 min: 50:50; 28 min: 80:20; 30 min 100:0; 32 min: 100:0) on an Agilent Zorbax Stable Bond-C18 column | Ma et al., 2012 |
| HPLC-PDA (280, 320 nm) | polydatin, resveratrol, aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, physcion, danthron, chrysophanol | PM, PC, P. aviculare, P. bristorta, and P. vulgare | Eluted with H2O: CH3CN (both containing 0.1% CH3COOH) (0 min: 80:20; 35 min: 0:100) on a Phenomenex Gemini C18 column | Avula et al., 2007 |
| HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS (290 nm) | TSG, rhaponticoside, resveratrol, piceid, aloe-emodin, emodin, physcion, rhein, chrysophanol, EMG, PG, TOG, EMG1, CHG | PM, RO, and P. reynoutria | Eluted with H2O: CH3CN (0 min: 85:15; 10 min: 80:20; 40 min: 47:53; 60 min: 0:100) on an Alltima C18 column | Feng et al., 2016 |
| HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn (290 nm) | TSG, cis-TSG, resveratrol, piceid, resveratroloside, emodin, physcion, EMG, PG, EMG1 | PM and PC | Eluted with CH3CN: H2O (containing 0.1% HCOOH) (0 min:22:78; 1.5 min: 30:70; 6 min: 65:35; 8 min: 90:10; 9 min: 90:10) on a Kinetex C18 column | Li et al., 2014 |
| HPLC- fluorescence detection (440, 540 nm) | emodin, physcion, rhein, aloe-emodin, chrysophanol | PM and PC | Eluted with CH3OH: H2O (containing 0.1% HCOOH) (0 min: 85:15; 15 min: 85:15) on a Hypersil C18 column | He et al., 2009 |
| NMR | Fingerprint analysis | PM and PC | Performed on a Bruker Avance 500 MHz NMR spectrometer operating at 500.13 MHz | Frederich et al., 2011 |