Table 2.
Proportion of Pneumococcal Vaccination Coverage by Work-related Asthma Status and Demographic Characteristics Among Ever-employed Adults With Current Asthma
| Characteristics | Pneumococcal vaccine coverage | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Work-related asthma | Possible work-related asthma | Non–work-related asthma | ||||
| %a (95% CI) | PRb (95%CI) | %a (95% CI) | PRb (95%CI) | %a (95% CI) | PRb (95%CI) | |
| Age | ||||||
| 18–44 years | 41.8 (31.9, 51.6) | 1.00 | 35.8 (29.7, 41.9) | 1.00 | 27.8 (22.4, 33.2) | 1.00 |
| 45–64 years | 60.9 (54.7, 67.1) | 1.44 (1.09, 1.91) | 54.1 (50.5, 57.8) | 1.37 (1.14, 1.64) | 45.0 (40.8, 49.3) | 1.51 (1.22, 1.87) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 53.9 (44.1, 63.8) | 1.00 | 40.1 (33.8, 46.5) | 1.00 | 31.3 (25.9, 36.7) | 1.00 |
| Female | 53.7 (47.0, 60.3) | 0.96 (0.79, 1.18) | 47.5 (43.2, 51.8) | 1.13 (0.95, 1.34) | 36.6 (32.0, 41.2) | 1.08 (0.88, 1.34) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 56.3 (50.5, 62.1) | 1.00 | 45.8 (41.7, 49.9) | 1.00 | 35.3 (31.3, 39.4) | 1.00 |
| Non-Hispanic black | 48.9 (32.9, 64.8) | 0.90 (0.63, 1.27) | 45.3 (34.4, 56.1) | 0.96 (0.74, 1.25) | 37.1 (26.5, 47.7) | 1.06 (0.77, 1.46) |
| Hispanic | 36.2 (19.1, 53.2) | 0.74 (0.49, 1.12) | 39.7 (27.0, 52.4) | 0.86 (0.63, 1.19) | 31.0 (16.3, 45.7) | 1.04 (0.67, 1.61) |
| Other | 64.8 (41.5, 88.0) | 1.03 (0.68, 1.56) | 40.9 (27.9, 53.9) | 0.88 (0.66, 1.18) | 31.3 (15.9, 46.7) | 0.81 (0.53, 1.25) |
| Education | ||||||
| ≤High school | 54.0 (46.4, 61.6) | 1.13 (0.87, 1.48) | 44.4 (38.4, 50.3) | 0.95 (0.77, 1.18) | 36.5 (30.0, 43.0) | 1.00 (0.74, 1.34) |
| Some college | 55.3 (45.4, 65.2) | 1.15 (0.87, 1.53) | 46.9 (40.6, 53.2) | 1.06 (0.88, 1.29) | 37.5 (30.5, 44.5) | 1.08 (0.86, 1.35) |
| College graduate | 48.8 (39.8, 57.9) | 1.00 | 41.8 (36.0, 47.6) | 1.00 | 30.9 (26.2, 35.5) | 1.00 |
| Household income | ||||||
| <$15,000 | 47.7 (37.2, 58.1) | 0.85 (0.63, 1.16) | 52.1 (43.8, 60.5) | 1.22 (0.97, 1.53) | 43.7 (32.8, 54.6) | 1.35 (0.97, 1.87) |
| $15,000–$24,999 | 47.6 (35.2, 60.0) | 0.88 (0.64, 1.21) | 45.2 (37.2, 53.2) | 1.10 (0.87, 1.40) | 35.2 (26.0, 44.5) | 1.17 (0.86, 1.59) |
| $25,000–$34,999 | 62.4 (45.6, 79.2) | 1.15 (0.82, 1.62) | 47.3 (33.4, 61.2) | 1.25 (0.89, 1.74) | 45.3 (33.0, 57.7) | 1.40 (1.01, 1.95) |
| $35,000–$49,999 | 60.6 (48.7, 72.5) | 1.07 (0.81, 1.41) | 51.4 (41.6, 61.3) | 1.37 (1.09, 1.72) | 34.2 (23.1, 45.2) | 1.13 (0.81, 1.57) |
| ≥$50,000 | 53.9 (42.8, 65.0) | 1.00 | 37.1 (31.5, 42.7) | 1.00 | 31.4 (26.7, 36.0) | 1.00 |
| Employment status in last year | ||||||
| Employed | 49.0 (37.5, 60.5) | 1.00 | 34.9 (28.4, 41.5) | 1.00 | 36.2 (30.2, 42.2) | 1.00 |
| Not employed | 60.9 (51.1, 70.7) | 1.51 (1.12, 2.05) | 57.4 (50.3, 64.5) | 1.61 (1.25, 2.07) | 37.1 (28.3, 45.8) | 0.80 (0.61, 1.06) |
| Health insurance | ||||||
| Yes | 57.5 (51.4, 63.6) | 1.47 (1.07, 2.03) | 45.8 (41.9, 49.6) | 1.16 (0.87, 1.54) | 37.0 (33.1, 41.0) | 1.55 (0.99, 2.41) |
| No | 38.5 (27.4, 49.5) | 1.00 | 39.9 (30.4, 49.5) | 1.00 | 21.5 (13.0, 29.9) | 1.00 |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Current | 50.2 (38.8, 61.6) | 1.00 | 47.3 (40.4, 54.3) | 1.00 | 37.1 (29.3, 44.9) | 1.00 |
| Former | 63.4 (54.8, 72.1) | 1.14 (0.88, 1.47) | 48.7 (42.3, 55.1) | 1.07 (0.85, 1.33) | 39.2 (31.6, 46.7) | 1.05 (0.77, 1.43) |
| Never | 51.3 (43.2, 59.5) | 0.95 (0.72, 1.25) | 41.5 (36.1, 47.0) | 1.02 (0.80, 1.30) | 33.0 (28.1, 37.9) | 0.99 (0.74, 1.31) |
| Inhaler corticosteroid usec | ||||||
| Yes | 67.8 (60.2, 75.3) | 1.49 (1.22, 1.81) | 54.1 (48.2, 60.0) | 1.23 (1.06, 1.44) | 43.8 (37.7, 49.9) | 1.30 (1.07, 1.57) |
| No | 45.0 (38.1, 51.9) | 1.00 | 40.1 (35.5, 44.6) | 1.00 | 31.4 (26.9, 35.9) | 1.00 |
| Received influenza vaccine | ||||||
| Yes | 64.9 (54.7, 75.0) | 1.39 (1.06, 1.81) | 56.6 (50.1, 63.1) | 1.65 (1.32, 2.07) | 50.3 (42.4, 58.3) | 1.72 (1.33, 2.24) |
| No | 45.9 (35.0, 56.8) | 1.00 | 35.6 (28.3, 42.9) | 1.00 | 26.0 (20.4, 31.6) | 1.00 |
| Routine checkup for asthma | ||||||
| Yes | 58.4 (51.9, 64.8) | 1.30 (0.94, 1.80) | 49.3 (44.6, 54.0) | 1.17 (0.95, 1.45) | 40.4 (35.1, 45.6) | 1.20 (0.93, 1.54) |
| No | 45.1 (30.8, 59.4) | 1.00 | 36.7 (29.6, 43.8) | 1.00 | 28.4 (22.4, 34.3) | 1.00 |
| Ability to see doctor for asthma if needed | ||||||
| Yes | 56.2 (50.1, 62.4) | 1.04 (0.79, 1.36) | 45.2 (41.4, 49.1) | 1.04 (0.81, 1.34) | 34.9 (31.1, 38.7) | 0.94 (0.63, 1.39) |
| No | 45.4 (33.9, 56.9) | 1.00 | 42.4 (33.1, 51.8) | 1.00 | 36.5 (25.1, 48.0) | 1.00 |
| Ability to see specialist | ||||||
| Yes | 55.0 (49.0, 60.9) | 1.06 (0.77, 1.45) | 45.6 (41.8, 49.4) | 1.41 (1.00, 2.00) | 34.7 (31.0, 38.4) | 0.89 (0.55, 1.43) |
| No | 48.4 (34.3, 62.6) | 1.00 | 34.3 (23.4, 45.2) | 1.00 | 41.6 (24.2, 59.1) | 1.00 |
| Asthma control | ||||||
| Well controlled | 43.5 (34.5, 52.5) | 1.00 | 37.1 (31.9, 42.3) | 1.00 | 32.0 (27.0, 37.0) | 1.00 |
| Not well controlled | 60.3 (51.0, 69.6) | 1.43 (1.10, 1.87) | 52.2 (45.4, 59.1) | 1.30 (1.06, 1.58) | 33.8 (27.4, 40.2) | 1.02 (0.80, 1.30) |
| Very poorly controlled | 59.2 (50.4, 67.9) | 1.37 (1.05, 1.79) | 49.5 (43.0, 56.0) | 1.10 (0.89, 1.36) | 48.2 (40.2, 56.2) | 1.19 (0.91, 1.54) |
| Adverse asthma outcomesd | ||||||
| Asthma attack | ||||||
| Yes | 52.8 (46.1, 59.6) | 1.03 (0.82, 1.29) | 49.0 (44.4, 53.6) | 1.18 (0.99, 1.41) | 36.6 (31.5, 41.8) | 1.09 (0.89, 1.32) |
| No | 55.6 (46.3, 64.9) | 1.00 | 38.7 (33.0, 44.4) | 1.00 | 33.7 (28.6, 38.8) | 1.00 |
| Urgent treatment for worsening asthma | ||||||
| Yes | 53.6 (44.9, 62.3) | 1.24 (0.88, 1.75) | 58.0 (51.2, 64.8) | 1.40 (1.12, 1.75) | 39.7 (32.8, 46.6) | 1.13 (0.88, 1.47) |
| No | 45.1 (30.8, 59.4) | 1.00 | 36.7 (29.6, 43.8) | 1.00 | 28.4 (22.4, 34.3) | 1.00 |
| Asthma-related emergency room visit | ||||||
| Yes | 50.3 (38.5, 62.1) | 1.00 (0.79, 1.26) | 58.9 (49.5, 68.4) | 1.38 (1.14, 1.67) | 35.3 (25.9, 44.7) | 0.85 (0.62, 1.16) |
| No | 55.0 (48.9, 61.2) | 1.00 | 42.3 (38.4, 46.1) | 1.00 | 35.0 (31.1, 38.9) | 1.00 |
| Overnight stay in hospital because of asthma | ||||||
| Yes | 62.4 (45.3, 79.5) | 1.02 (0.75, 1.38) | 79.8 (66.2, 93.3) | 1.71 (1.33, 2.18) | 46.1 (26.3, 65.9) | 0.98 (0.55, 1.74) |
| No | 53.2 (47.5, 58.9) | 1.00 | 43.1 (39.5, 46.7) | 1.00 | 34.7 (31.0, 38.4) | 1.00 |
| Other chronic diseasee | ||||||
| Yes | 55.8 (49.3, 62.4) | 1.20 (0.93, 1.55) | 57.3 (52.6, 61.9) | 1.50 (1.25, 1.79) | 50.2 (44.3, 56.2) | 1.52 (1.24, 1.86) |
| No | 50.5 (40.7, 60.3) | 1.00 | 35.2 (30.0, 40.3) | 1.00 | 29.0 (24.6, 33.5) | 1.00 |
Note: Boldface indicates statistical significance (p<0.05).
a
Weighted average annual estimate.
b
PR adjusted for age, household income, health insurance, and other chronic disease.
c
In the last 3 months.
d
In the last 12 months.
e
Diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or cardiovascular disease.
PR, prevalence ratio.