Table 1.
Descriptive statistics
| All Subjects | Whites | Blacks | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % (mean in italics) | n (SD in italics) | % (mean in italics) | n (SD in italics) | % (mean in italics) | n (SD in italics) | ||
| Average neighborhood disadvantage score | 0.649 | 1.149 | −0.0645 | 0.759 | 1.29 | 1.059 | |
| Age in 2003 | 17~25 | 35.372 | 662 | 21.15% | 312 | 15.91% | 350 |
| 26~30 | 18.31% | 615 | 15.71% | 355 | 18.10% | 260 | |
| 36~40 | 17.01% | 635 | 15.95% | 371 | 18.92% | 264 | |
| 41~45 | 17.56% | 606 | 17.10% | 323 | 16.47% | 283 | |
| 46~50 | 16.76% | 495 | 14.14% | 261 | 13.31% | 234 | |
| 51~55 | 13.69% | 374 | 10.39% | 202 | 10.30% | 172 | |
| 56~60 | 10.34% | 147 | 3.14% | 95 | 4.84% | 52 | |
| 61~65 | 4.07% | 53 | 1.51% | 28 | 1.43% | 25 | |
| 66~70 | 1.47% | 20 | 0.60% | 10 | 0.51% | 10 | |
| 71~76 | 0.55% | 9 | 0.30% | 4 | 0.20% | 5 | |
| Sex | Male | 0.25% | 3,338 | 92.50% | 1,531 | 92.10% | 1,807 |
| Female | 7.70% | 278 | 7.50% | 124 | 7.90% | 154 | |
| Race | White | 45.80% | 1,655 | ||||
| Black | 54.20% | 1,961 | |||||
| Mental illness | No mental illness recorded | 78.65% | 2,814 | 70.60% | 1,160 | 85.40% | 1,654 |
| Mental illness recorded | 21.35% | 764 | 29.40% | 482 | 14.60% | 282 | |
| Custody (average % over 24 months) | 31.14% | 0.4631 | 29.02% | 0.4539 | 32.93% | 0.4700 | |
| Abscond (average % over 24 months) | 18.11% | 0.3851 | 12.59% | 0.3318 | 22.77% | 0.4193 | |
| Out of state (average % over 24 months) | 1.57% | 0.1242 | 2.03% | 0.1410 | 1.18% | 0.1079 | |
| Discharge (average % over 24 months) | 6.34% | 0.2437 | 8.13% | 0.2733 | 4.83% | 0.2145 | |
| Death (average % over 24 months) | 0.42% | 0.0649 | 0.34% | 0.0585 | 0.49% | 0.0698 | |
| pre-prison neighborhood disadvantage score | 0.755 | 1.214 | −0.096 | 0.753 | 1.478 | 1.051 | |
| Pre-prison urbanicity | Central City | 50.50% | 1,778 | 21.30% | 344 | 75.30% | 1,434 |
| Suburban | 40.50% | 1,427 | 60.30% | 976 | 23.70% | 451 | |
| Rural | 9.00% | 318 | 18.40% | 298 | 1.00% | 20 | |
| Same tract as pre-prison | Different tract | 66.60% | 2,215 | 65.70% | 1,014 | 67.30% | 1,201 |
| Same tract | 33.40% | 1,113 | 34.30% | 530 | 32.70% | 583 | |
| First post-prison neighborhood disadvantage score | 0.791 | 1.157 | 0.086 | 0.89 | 1.395 | 1.01 | |
| Criminal History | |||||||
| Number of prior prison sentences | 1st Prison Sentence | 47.50% | 1,716 | 52.60% | 870 | 43.10% | 846 |
| 2nd Prison Sentence | 25.90% | 935 | 24.50% | 406 | 27.00% | 529 | |
| 3rd Prison Sentence | 13.80% | 500 | 12.50% | 207 | 14.90% | 293 | |
| 4th Prison Sentence | 6.80% | 244 | 6.00% | 100 | 7.30% | 144 | |
| 5th or more Prison Sentence | 6.10% | 221 | 4.40% | 72 | 7.60% | 149 | |
| Type of offense | Assaultive | 28.00% | 1,013 | 27.20% | 450 | 28.70% | 563 |
| Drug offender | 26.00% | 940 | 11.70% | 193 | 38.10% | 747 | |
| Non assaultive offender | 46.00% | 1,663 | 61.10% | 1,012 | 33.20% | 651 | |
| Drug Abuse History | Non | 51.00% | 1,844 | 51.50% | 852 | 50.60% | 992 |
| Alcohol Only | 4.10% | 149 | 6.00% | 99 | 2.50% | 50 | |
| THC only | 7.70% | 278 | 4.30% | 71 | 10.60% | 207 | |
| Hard Drug only | 5.20% | 187 | 3.70% | 62 | 6.40% | 125 | |
| Alcohol + THC | 6.00% | 216 | 6.90% | 114 | 5.20% | 102 | |
| Hard Drug +Alcohol+THC | 26.10% | 942 | 27.60% | 457 | 24.70% | 485 | |
| Positive substance abuse tests in past month | Not tested | 53.20% | 1,923 | 57.50% | 951 | 49.60% | 972 |
| non positive | 41.10% | 1,485 | 39.10% | 647 | 42.70% | 838 | |
| one positive | 4.40% | 159 | 2.80% | 46 | 5.80% | 113 | |
| Two positives | 1.10% | 40 | 0.50% | 9 | 1.60% | 31 | |
| Three or more positives | 0.30% | 9 | 0.10% | 2 | 0.40% | 7 | |
| Years in prison | 2.896 | 3.054 | 2.626 | 2.727 | 3.124 | 3.289 | |
| Residence Type | |||||||
| Parent | 29.43% | 0.456 | 29.79% | 0.457 | 29.09% | 0.454 | |
| Romantic Partner | 19.74% | 0.398 | 20.11% | 0.401 | 19.41% | 0.395 | |
| Other Family | 18.69% | 0.390 | 13.68% | 0.344 | 23.20% | 0.422 | |
| Other Private | 15.13% | 0.358 | 19.24% | 0.394 | 11.43% | 0.318 | |
| Receiving Treatment/Care | 3.41% | 0.181 | 3.47% | 0.183 | 3.35% | 0.180 | |
| Hotel/Motel | 1.01% | 0.100 | 1.15% | 0.107 | 0.89% | 0.094 | |
| Mission/Shelter/Homeless | 1.14% | 0.106 | 1.19% | 0.109 | 1.10% | 0.104 | |
| Correctional institution | 3.92% | 0.194 | 4.22% | 0.201 | 3.65% | 0.188 | |
| Jail | 7.53% | 0.264 | 7.14% | 0.258 | 7.87% | 0.269 | |
| Other Institutional Factors | |||||||
| Level of supervision | Non-supervised | 10.50% | 379 | 10.10% | 167 | 10.80% | 212 |
| Minimum | 23.60% | 854 | 26.70% | 442 | 21.00% | 412 | |
| Medium | 34.90% | 1,260 | 30.60% | 506 | 38.40% | 754 | |
| Maximum | 31.10% | 1,123 | 32.60% | 540 | 29.70% | 583 | |
| Electronic monitoring | No electronic monitoring | 92.60% | 3,344 | 91.20% | 1,510 | 93.70% | 1,834 |
| Electronic monitoring | 7.40% | 268 | 8.80% | 145 | 6.30% | 123 | |
| Sex offender | Not sex offender | 92.30% | 3,337 | 89.70% | 1,484 | 94.50% | 1,853 |
| Sex offender | 7.70% | 279 | 10.30% | 171 | 5.50% | 108 | |
| Human capital | |||||||
| Education | 0-11 years | 42.43% | 1,517 | 36.85% | 604 | 47.16% | 913 |
| GED | 30.91% | 1,105 | 33%.01 | 541 | 29.13% | 564 | |
| 12 years | 20.45% | 731 | 23.00% | 377 | 18.29% | 354 | |
| 12~19 years | 6.21% | 222 | 7.14% | 117 | 5.42% | 105 | |
| Pre-prison employment | Unemployed | 83.10% | 2,534 | 80.50% | 1,168 | 85.50% | 1,366 |
| Employed | 16.90% | 515 | 19.50% | 283 | 14.50% | 232 | |
| Mean Quarterly Employment | 0.226 | 0.418 | 0.277 | 0.448 | 0.183 | 0.386 | |
| Mean Quarterly Gross wages | 842.66 | 2464.26 | 1163.27 | 2940.12 | 571.17 | 1932.39 | |
| Other Social Tie Measures | |||||||
| Number of Dependents | 1.259 | 1.313 | 1.035 | 1.204 | 1.448 | 1.37 | |
| Marital status at prison intake | Never Married | 64.20% | 2,309 | 57.80% | 952 | 69.60% | 1,357 |
| Married | 12.20% | 440 | 13.00% | 215 | 11.50% | 225 | |
| Divorced/separated | 22.70% | 815 | 28.10% | 463 | 18.00% | 352 | |
| Other | 1.00% | 35 | 1.10% | 18 | 0.90% | 17 | |