Table 3.
The longitudinal associations of perceptions of neighborhood safety and psychotic symptoms at age 12 with subsequent psychotic experiences and perceptions of neighborhood disorder at age 18.
| Age 12 measures | Longitudinal associations of childhood perceptions of neighborhood safety/psychotic symptoms at age 12 with adolescent psychotic experiences/perceptions of neighborhood disorder at age 18 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||||||
| OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | |
|
|
|||||||||
| Adolescent psychotic experiences at age 18a | |||||||||
| Perceptions of neighborhood as unsafe at age 12 | 2.02 | 1.51 – 2.71 | <0.001 | 1.72 | 1.27 – 2.32 | <0.001 | 1.45 | 1.06 – 1.99 | 0.021 |
| Perceptions of neighborhood disorder at age 18b | |||||||||
| Childhood psychotic symptoms at age 12 | 1.59 | 1.16 – 2.18 | 0.004 | 1.31 | 0.93 – 1.84 | 0.125 | 1.19 | 0.83 – 1.70 | 0.338 |
Note: CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio from ordinal logistic regression.
The association of childhood perceptions of neighborhood unsafety at age 12 with adolescent psychotic experiences at age 18.
The association of childhood psychotic symptoms at age 12 with perceptions of neighborhood disorder at age 18. Model 1 = the association of childhood perceptions of neighborhood unsafety with adolescent psychotic experiences was adjusted for childhood psychotic symptoms. The association of childhood psychotic symptoms with perceptions of neighborhood disorder was adjusted for childhood perceptions of neighborhood unsafety. Model 2 = the association between perceptions of neighborhood unsafety and adolescent psychotic experiences was additionally adjusted for perceptions of neighborhood disorder at age 18. The association between childhood psychotic symptoms and perceptions of neighborhood disorder was additionally adjusted for adolescent psychotic experiences. Model 3 = both regression models were adjusted additionally for resident-reports of neighborhood disorder, neighborhood-level socioeconomic status (SES), family SES, family psychiatric history, maternal psychotic symptoms, and childhood anxiety and depression. All analyses account for the non-independence of twin observations.