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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 23.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Pharm. 2018 Feb 19;15(3):1062–1072. doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00933

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Efficacy of heroin vaccine against a lethal heroin challenge. All vaccines contain 50 μg of Her-TT, 50 μg of CpG, 1 mg of alum, and 25% trehalose. Panel A shows the survival curve of each vaccinated treatment group and nonvaccinated (NV, n = 5) mice challenged with a 160 mg/kg dose (i.p.) and observed for 30 min. Panel B shows the vaccinated mice (n = 13) from the groups that demonstrated efficacious vaccine potency in comparison to the control (n = 5). Panel C shows the vaccinated mice that did not meet our efficacy cutoff criterion (n = 4, G5) versus the nonvaccinated mice (n = 5). Nonvaccinated mice were given a 2 mg/kg dose of heroin the same day the vaccinated mice underwent antinociception assays. The lethal challenge was performed the following week. A nonparametric, unpaired Mann–Whitney U test was performed and revealed survival between the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Bars represent mean survival percentage ± SEM.