Figure 12.

Overexpression of UBAC2 promoted formation of ATI3- and ATG8-labeled punctate structures. BiFC fluorescence was observed in transformed N. benthamiana leaf epidermal cells from complementation of the N-terminal half of the YFP fused with UBAC2A (UBAC2A-N-YFP) by the C-terminal half of the YFP fused with ATI3A (ATI3A-C-YFP) (A). No fluorescence was observed when UBAC2A-N-YFP was co-expressed with unfused C-YFP or when unfused N-YFP was co-expressed with ATI3A-C-YFP (A). YFP epifluorescence images, bright-field images and merged images of the same cells are shown. BiFC fluorescence from complemented ATG8A-N-YFP and ATI3A-C-YFP is also shown for comparison of punctate fluorescent structures. The numbers of formed ATG8A- and ATI3A-labeled puncta per microscopy section were determined in response to heat treatment or overexpression of UBAC2A (B). Data represent means and standard errors calculated from 10 microscopy sections. According to Duncan's multiple range test (P = 0.05), means do not differ significantly if they are indicated with the same letter. Bar: 20 μm.